Comprehensive evaluation of interfacial interactions optimization for CF reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites by electrochemical deposition of conjugated polymers

Abstract

The mechanical properties of carbon fiber (CF) reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites are significantly compromised due to inadequate interface bonding between CF and matrix. In this study, electrochemical polymerization techniques were employed to modify CFs with polypyrrole (PPy), poly-aniline (PANI), and poly-o-phenylenediamine (PoPd), to systematically investigate the impact of conjugated polymers on the interfacial properties of CF/copoly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)s (PPESK) composites through a combination of experimental and molecular dynamics (MD) approaches. The findings revealed distinct differences among these conjugated polymers in terms of their effects on both IFSS and ILSS for CF/PPESK composites. Among all tested laminates, PoPd@CF-60s/PPESK exhibited the highest IFSS, ILSS and flexural strength values of 39.8 MPa, 75.6 MPa, and 1494 MPa, respectively, 94.1 %, 20.6 %, and 47.6 % higher than those of CF-desized/PPESK, without compromising CFs strength and thermal resistance of CF/PPESK composites. MD simulations combined with fracture morphology analysis confirmed that compatibility between conjugated polymers and matrix played a pivotal role in enhancing interface properties for CF/PPESK composites. Furthermore, the AFM outcomes demonstrated that the PoPd layer could serve as the modulus transition layer between the CF phase and the PPESK phase, which effectively enhancing the load transfer efficiency between the two phases under external forces. To summarize, this work presents a straightforward yet non-destructive approach that effectively enhances the interface strength within advanced CF reinforced high performance thermoplastic polymer composites (CFRHPTPs).