Trace element distribution, sources, toxicity risk characteristics associated with lacustrine groundwater discharge in boreal lakes: Implications for the eco-environmental security in the Yellow River Basin, China
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Although the pollution of trace elements has been extensively studied, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding accumulation of these elements in lake ecosystems within the Yellow River basin, specifically the effects of lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) on trace elements. This study investigated the distribution, sources, and toxicity risks associated with 20 target trace elements (i.e., Li, Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, Y, Mo, Sb, Ba, W, Tl, Pb, U and Sr) in lake water (LW), groundwater (GW), and river water (RW) influenced by the LGD process in lake Ulansuhai and lake Daihai. The natural source is the primary contributor of trace elements in both LW and GW within the two lake basins, while industrial discharge plays a secondary role. The average LGD fluxes in lake Ulansuhai and Daihai basins were 6.39 × 105 m3/d and 1.07 × 105 m3/d, respectively. Additionally, the trace element fluxes from LGD in lake Ulansuhai (mean of 106,659.37 g/d) exceeded those observed in lake Daihai (mean of 3236.57 g/d). The overall toxicity risk was found to be higher in lake Ulansuhai (LW (17.36) > RW (16.81) > GW (12.76)) compared to lake Daihai (GW (10.43) > LW (9.10) > RW (4.63)). As well as the toxicity levels of trace elements in lake Ulansuhai were elevated compared to Daihai, which can be attributed to the influenced of ion compositions and water nutrients. Among them, Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO42+ were identified as key ions impacting the toxicity of trace elements in lake Ulansuhai. These findings provide crucial insights for targeted monitoring and mitigation of trace element pollution in the Yellow River basin’s lake ecosystems.
期刊介绍:
The ultimate aim of Ecological Indicators is to integrate the monitoring and assessment of ecological and environmental indicators with management practices. The journal provides a forum for the discussion of the applied scientific development and review of traditional indicator approaches as well as for theoretical, modelling and quantitative applications such as index development. Research into the following areas will be published.
• All aspects of ecological and environmental indicators and indices.
• New indicators, and new approaches and methods for indicator development, testing and use.
• Development and modelling of indices, e.g. application of indicator suites across multiple scales and resources.
• Analysis and research of resource, system- and scale-specific indicators.
• Methods for integration of social and other valuation metrics for the production of scientifically rigorous and politically-relevant assessments using indicator-based monitoring and assessment programs.
• How research indicators can be transformed into direct application for management purposes.
• Broader assessment objectives and methods, e.g. biodiversity, biological integrity, and sustainability, through the use of indicators.
• Resource-specific indicators such as landscape, agroecosystems, forests, wetlands, etc.