Greenhouse gas emissions in response to tillage, nitrogen fertilization, and manure application in the tropics

IF 6.1 1区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cultivation of maize (Zea mays L.) can emit significant greenhouse gases (GHGs) due to root respiration, soil organic matter decomposition, and fertilizer losses in a tropical environment. Our objective was to examine the effect of tillage (conventional tillage [CT], minimum tillage [MT], and no-tillage [NT]), N fertilization rate (0, 90, and 120 kg N ha−1), and manure application rate (0, 5, and 10 Mg ha−1) on CO2, N2O, and CH4 emissions under maize in two growing seasons (July-October 2018 and May-August 2019) in southwest Nigeria. We measured CO2, N2O, and CH4 fluxes using the static chamber method and soil temperature and water content weekly, global warming potential (GWP), maize yield, and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI). The CO2 and N2O fluxes peaked immediately following planting, fertilization, and intense precipitation, with most fluxes concentrated at 2–6 wk after planting. The CH4 flux showed little change throughout the duration of the study. Cumulative CO2 and N2O fluxes were greater for CT and MT than NT, but cumulative CH4 flux was greater for MT than CT and NT. Higher N fertilization rate increased N2O and CH4 fluxes. The GWP was greater for CT than MT and NT and greater for 90 than 0 kg N ha−1. Maize yield was greater for MT than CT and NT and increased with higher N fertilization rate. The GHGI was lower for MT than CT and lower for 120 than 0 and 90 kg N ha−1. Because of overall lower maize yield, MT with reduced N ferilization rate in split applications may be needed to reduce GHG emissions while sustaining yield in the sandy soils of southwest Nigeria.

温室气体排放对热带地区耕作、氮肥和粪肥施用的影响
在热带环境中种植玉米(Zea mays L.)会因根系呼吸、土壤有机物分解和肥料流失而排放大量温室气体(GHGs)。我们的目的是研究尼日利亚西南部两个生长季节(2018 年 7 月至 10 月和 2019 年 5 月至 8 月)玉米的耕作(常规耕作 [CT]、最小耕作 [MT] 和免耕 [NT])、氮肥施用量(0、90 和 120 千克 N ha-1)以及粪肥施用量(0、5 和 10 兆克 ha-1)对 CO2、N2O 和 CH4 排放的影响。我们采用静态室法测量了二氧化碳、一氧化二氮和甲烷通量,每周测量了土壤温度和含水量、全球升温潜能值(GWP)、玉米产量和温室气体强度(GHGI)。二氧化碳和一氧化二氮通量在播种、施肥和强降水后立即达到峰值,大部分通量集中在播种后 2-6 周。在整个研究期间,CH4 通量变化不大。CT和MT的CO2和N2O累积通量大于NT,但MT的CH4累积通量大于CT和NT。氮肥施用率越高,N2O 和 CH4 通量越大。CT的全球升温潜能值大于MT和NT,90 kg N ha-1的全球升温潜能值大于0 kg N ha-1。MT 的玉米产量高于 CT 和 NT,并且随着氮肥施用量的增加而增加。MT 的 GHGI 低于 CT,120 的 GHGI 低于 0 和 90 kg N ha-1。由于玉米总产量较低,因此在尼日利亚西南部的沙质土壤中,可能需要采用分次施肥的 MT 法,降低氮肥的施肥量,以减少温室气体排放,同时保持产量。
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来源期刊
Soil & Tillage Research
Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
13.00
自引率
6.20%
发文量
266
审稿时长
5 months
期刊介绍: Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.
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