Lucas Crane*, Daniella Saetta and Treavor H. Boyer*,
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is a finite resource used in fertilizers. Urine contains high concentrations of P that can be recovered using urine diversion (UD), but current UD systems become clogged by P precipitation in piping, inhibiting their operations and reducing recoverable P. Dosing systems with acetic acid can prevent precipitation, resulting in more available nutrients for recovery. This study monitored a full-scale multistory UD system and implemented acid dosing to prevent clogging and produce urine suitable for P recovery. Both baseline (i.e., no acid) and acid dosing conditions were tested during normal and below-normal occupancies. In baseline systems, urine collected during below-normal occupancy had higher pH and greater nutrient losses compared to during normal occupancy. However, during both occupancies, baseline systems had clogs that decoupled occupancy patterns from urine collection in the tank and lowered the mass of recoverable P. During both occupancies, acid dosing dissolved pre-existing precipitate, resulting in ∼10× greater recoverable P than in baseline systems, and partially stabilized urine (>10%) and lowered pH (<9) until ∼7 days of operation, suggesting that urine can be immediately treated once the storage tank is full. The results demonstrate that acid dosing can prevent operation challenges in UD, improving UD’s technology readiness.
磷(P)是肥料中使用的一种有限资源。尿液中含有高浓度的磷,可通过尿液分流(UD)进行回收,但目前的 UD 系统会因管道中的磷沉淀而堵塞,从而影响其运行并减少可回收的磷。本研究监测了一个全规模的多层 UD 系统,并实施了加酸措施,以防止堵塞并产生适合回收 P 的尿液。在正常占用和低于正常占用期间,对基线(即不加酸)和加酸条件进行了测试。在基线系统中,与正常占用期间相比,低于正常占用期间收集的尿液 pH 值更高,养分损失也更大。然而,在这两种情况下,基线系统都会出现堵塞,从而使储水罐的占用模式与尿液收集脱钩,并降低了可回收磷的质量。在这两种情况下,加酸都能溶解预先存在的沉淀物,从而使可回收磷的质量比基线系统高出 10 倍,并能部分稳定尿液(10%)和降低 pH 值(9),直至运行 7 天,这表明一旦储水罐满了,就可以立即对尿液进行处理。研究结果表明,加酸可以避免尿液处理系统的运行难题,从而提高尿液处理系统的技术就绪程度。
期刊介绍:
ACS ES&T Engineering publishes impactful research and review articles across all realms of environmental technology and engineering, employing a rigorous peer-review process. As a specialized journal, it aims to provide an international platform for research and innovation, inviting contributions on materials technologies, processes, data analytics, and engineering systems that can effectively manage, protect, and remediate air, water, and soil quality, as well as treat wastes and recover resources.
The journal encourages research that supports informed decision-making within complex engineered systems and is grounded in mechanistic science and analytics, describing intricate environmental engineering systems. It considers papers presenting novel advancements, spanning from laboratory discovery to field-based application. However, case or demonstration studies lacking significant scientific advancements and technological innovations are not within its scope.
Contributions containing experimental and/or theoretical methods, rooted in engineering principles and integrated with knowledge from other disciplines, are welcomed.