Chernobyl fuel microparticles: uranium oxidation state and isotope ratio by HERFD-XANES and SIMS

IF 1.5 3区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.1007/s10967-024-09706-0

Tatiana Poliakova, Martin Weiss, Alexander Trigub, Vasiliy Yapaskurt, Marina Zheltonozhskaya, Irina Vlasova, Clemens Walther, Stepan Kalmykov

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Abstract

Fuel “hot” particles are the most unpredictable dose-forming components in the soils of uranium contaminated regions, such as Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Over time in the environment, “hot” particles undergo gradual dissolution with the release of uranium as well as fission and neutron-activation products trapped inside the uranium-oxide fuel matrix. The environmental fate of fuel particles depends not only on the environmental conditions but mainly on the conditions of their formation in the reactor and during the accident. In the present work micromorphology, fuel burnup and uranium oxidation state of several fuel “hot” particles, collected on the Western trace of Chernobyl fallout, were studied using a combination of non-destructive or semi-non-destructive techniques: gamma-spectrometry, secondary-ion mass-spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, the X-ray absorption near-edge structure and the high-energy resolution fluorescence-detected X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. An attempt has been made to assess the contribution of the conditions of particle formation and the conditions of being in the environment to the current state of particles after more than a quarter of a century of history in the environment.

Graphical Abstract

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切尔诺贝利燃料微粒：通过 HERFD-XANES 和 SIMS 分析铀的氧化态和同位素比率

燃料 "热 "粒子是切尔诺贝利禁区等铀污染地区土壤中最难以预测的剂量形成成分。随着时间的推移，"热 "颗粒在环境中逐渐溶解，释放出铀以及铀-氧化物燃料基质中的裂变和中子活化产物。燃料颗粒的环境归宿不仅取决于环境条件，而且主要取决于它们在反应堆内和事故期间的形成条件。在本研究中，综合使用了非破坏性或半非破坏性技术：伽马光谱仪、二次离子质谱仪、扫描电子显微镜与能量色散 X 射线光谱仪、X 射线吸收近边结构和高能量分辨率荧光检测 X 射线吸收近边结构光谱仪，对切尔诺贝利核泄漏西部痕量中收集的若干燃料 "热 "粒子的微观形态、燃料燃烧和铀氧化状态进行了研究。我们试图评估粒子形成的条件和在环境中存在的条件对粒子在环境中存在超过四分之一世纪后的现状所起的作用。

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来源期刊

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry 化学-分析化学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

18.80%

发文量

504

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： An international periodical publishing original papers, letters, review papers and short communications on nuclear chemistry. The subjects covered include: Nuclear chemistry, Radiochemistry, Radiation chemistry, Radiobiological chemistry, Environmental radiochemistry, Production and control of radioisotopes and labelled compounds, Nuclear power plant chemistry, Nuclear fuel chemistry, Radioanalytical chemistry, Radiation detection and measurement, Nuclear instrumentation and automation, etc.