mRNA medicine: Recent progresses in chemical modification, design, and engineering

IF 9.5 2区 材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL
Xiaowen Hou, Jinjun Shi, Yuling Xiao
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where it is translated into proteins. mRNA has emerged as a powerful platform for development of new types of medicine, especially after the clinical approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. Chemical modification and nanoparticle delivery have contributed to this success significantly by improving mRNA stability, reducing its immunogenicity, protecting it from enzymatic degradation, and enhancing cellular uptake and endosomal escape. Recently, substantial progresses have been made in new modification chemistries, sequence design, and structural engineering to generate more stable and efficient next-generation mRNAs. These innovations could further facilitate the clinical translation of mRNA therapies and vaccines. Given that numerous review articles have been published on mRNA nanoparticle delivery and biomedical applications over the last few years, we herein focus on overviewing recent advances in mRNA chemical modification, mRNA sequence optimization, and mRNA engineering (e.g., circular RNA and multitailed mRNA), with the aim of providing new perspectives on the development of more effective and safer mRNA medicines.

Abstract Image

mRNA 医学:化学修饰、设计和工程学的最新进展
信使 RNA(mRNA)是一种 RNA,它将遗传信息从 DNA 带到核糖体,在核糖体中被翻译成蛋白质。mRNA 已成为开发新型药物的强大平台,尤其是在 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗获得临床批准之后。化学修饰和纳米颗粒递送提高了 mRNA 的稳定性,降低了其免疫原性,使其免受酶降解,并增强了细胞摄取和内体逸出,从而为这一成功做出了巨大贡献。最近,在新的修饰化学、序列设计和结构工程方面取得了重大进展,从而产生了更稳定、更高效的下一代 mRNA。这些创新可进一步促进 mRNA 疗法和疫苗的临床转化。鉴于过去几年发表了大量关于 mRNA 纳米颗粒递送和生物医学应用的综述文章,我们在此重点概述 mRNA 化学修饰、mRNA 序列优化和 mRNA 工程(如环状 RNA 和多尾 mRNA)方面的最新进展,旨在为开发更有效、更安全的 mRNA 药物提供新的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Nano Research
Nano Research 化学-材料科学:综合
CiteScore
14.30
自引率
11.10%
发文量
2574
审稿时长
1.7 months
期刊介绍: Nano Research is a peer-reviewed, international and interdisciplinary research journal that focuses on all aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. It solicits submissions in various topical areas, from basic aspects of nanoscale materials to practical applications. The journal publishes articles on synthesis, characterization, and manipulation of nanomaterials; nanoscale physics, electrical transport, and quantum physics; scanning probe microscopy and spectroscopy; nanofluidics; nanosensors; nanoelectronics and molecular electronics; nano-optics, nano-optoelectronics, and nano-photonics; nanomagnetics; nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine; and nanoscale modeling and simulations. Nano Research offers readers a combination of authoritative and comprehensive Reviews, original cutting-edge research in Communication and Full Paper formats. The journal also prioritizes rapid review to ensure prompt publication.
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