Efficient Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automotive Catalysts Using Iron Smelting Method by Optimizing Slag Composition at Low Temperature

IF 2.1 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

JOM Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI:10.1007/s11837-024-06751-8

Shubo A, Shuchen Sun, Ganfeng Tu, Yan Fu, Ronghui Liu, Liangxi Guo, Chengfu Sui, Kuopei Yu, Faxin Xiao

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Abstract

Spent automotive catalysts (SACs) are the most important secondary resource for platinum group metals (PGMs). Due to the complex physicochemical properties and low concentration of SAC, it is very difficult to recover Pt, Pd, and Rh. The technology of using smelting iron to recover PGMs has the advantages of a simple process and large-scale production. The rheological behavior of slag is an important influencing factor in the recycling process. In this paper, the principle of slag design is proposed, and CaO/SiO₂ mass ratio and B₂O₃ content are used as parameters to adjust the composition of the slag. The viscosity of slag was measured by the rotation axis method, and the structure of the slag was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The influence on the rheological properties and structure of slag was studied to optimize the smelting process. The optimized composition of the slag is 5.10 wt.%CaO-43.86 wt.%SiO₂-9.40 wt.%Al₂O₃-5.64 wt.%MgO-6.00 wt.%B₂O₃. In the reduction melting experiment, the recovery rate of PGMs reached 99.8%. This, furthermore, avoids the generation of ferrosilicon (FeSi), providing a reference for the effective recovery of PGMs.

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通过优化低温熔渣成分，采用铁冶炼方法从废汽车催化剂中高效回收铂族金属

废汽车催化剂（SAC）是铂族金属（PGM）最重要的二次资源。由于废旧汽车催化剂（SAC）的物理化学性质复杂且浓度较低，因此很难回收铂、钯和铑。利用冶炼铁回收铂族金属的技术具有工艺简单、生产规模大等优点。炉渣的流变行为是回收过程中的一个重要影响因素。本文提出了炉渣设计原理，并以 CaO/SiO2 质量比和 B2O3 含量为参数调整炉渣成分。用旋转轴法测定了炉渣的粘度，并用傅立叶变换红外光谱和拉曼光谱表征了炉渣的结构。研究了炉渣流变特性和结构的影响，以优化冶炼工艺。优化后的炉渣成分为 5.10 重量%CaO-43.86 重量%SiO2-9.40 重量%Al2O3-5.64 重量%MgO-6.00 重量%B2O3。在还原熔化实验中，PGM 的回收率达到 99.8%。此外，这还避免了硅铁（FeSi）的生成，为有效回收 PGMs 提供了参考。

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来源期刊

JOM 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

3.80%

发文量

540

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： JOM is a technical journal devoted to exploring the many aspects of materials science and engineering. JOM reports scholarly work that explores the state-of-the-art processing, fabrication, design, and application of metals, ceramics, plastics, composites, and other materials. In pursuing this goal, JOM strives to balance the interests of the laboratory and the marketplace by reporting academic, industrial, and government-sponsored work from around the world.