Erosion Control Measures on Agricultural Land in Russia: A Review

IF 1.4 4区 农林科学 Q4 SOIL SCIENCE
A. P. Zhidkin, A. V. Khirk, V. N. Shchepotiev, D. V. Fomicheva, D. V. Zhuikov
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Abstract

One of the important areas of soil erosion science is the development of soil conservation measures. The analysis of published works shows that in Russia most of the techniques and methods to control soil erosion were developed in the 1960s–1980s. In recent decades, interest in scientific and practical developments in this area has been declining. Published data on erosion control measures are poorly systematized, and their generally accepted classification is absent. The typification of erosion-control measures proposed by the authors made it possible to systematize all these measures found in the works and to create their register in the form of a table. Information about the efficiency of erosion control measures is scarce and contradictory. The results of agrotechnical measures are best studied. Non-inversive tillage is the most efficient among agrotechnical measures, it helps to reduce soil erosion by 70–90% according to published data; other agrotechnical measures, on average, reduce the rate of soil erosion by half. Climate change and socioeconomic transformation in the agricultural and industrial complex of Russia in recent decades have led to significant changes in the rate and volume of soil erosion. However, the analysis of literature indicates a shortage of works aimed at adapting existing erosion control measures, or developing new measures with due account for global and regional changes in erosion/deposition processes.

Abstract Image

俄罗斯农田水土流失控制措施:综述
摘要 水土流失科学的一个重要领域是制定水土保持措施。对已出版著作的分析表明,在俄罗斯,大部分控制土壤侵蚀的技术和方法是在 20 世纪 60-80 年代开发的。近几十年来,人们对这一领域的科学和实践发展的兴趣不断下降。已出版的水土流失控制措施资料系统性差,也没有公认的分类方法。作者提出的水土流失控制措施分类法使我们有可能将著作中的所有这些措施系统化,并以表格的形式进行登记。有关侵蚀控制措施效率的信息很少,而且相互矛盾。农业技术措施的效果最值得研究。在农业技术措施中,非颠覆性耕作是最有效的,根据已公布的数据,它有助于将土壤侵蚀率降低 70-90%;其他农业技术措施平均可将土壤侵蚀率降低一半。近几十年来,俄罗斯工农业综合体的气候变化和社会经济转型导致土壤侵蚀的速度和数量发生了显著变化。然而,文献分析表明,对现有水土流失控制措施进行调整或根据全球和地区水土流失/沉积过程的变化制定新措施的工作并不多。
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来源期刊
Eurasian Soil Science
Eurasian Soil Science 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
35.70%
发文量
137
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Eurasian Soil Science publishes original research papers on global and regional studies discussing both theoretical and experimental problems of genesis, geography, physics, chemistry, biology, fertility, management, conservation, and remediation of soils. Special sections are devoted to current news in the life of the International and Russian soil science societies and to the history of soil sciences. Since 2000, the journal Agricultural Chemistry, the English version of the journal of the Russian Academy of Sciences Agrokhimiya, has been merged into the journal Eurasian Soil Science and is no longer published as a separate title.
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