Smoking behavior is associated with suicidality in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder: a systematic quantitative review and meta-analysis

IF 2.6 3区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Frontiers in Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1369669

Jakob Pietschnig, Sandra Oberleiter, Marcel D. Köhler

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Abstract

Smoking behavior has been well-established to be more prevalent in individuals with psychosis and bipolar disorder compared to the general population. However, reports about higher suicide attempt prevalence of smoking compared to non-smoking patients suggest that smoking behavior may contribute to identifying at-risk groups of patients in a comparatively easy manner. In the present systematic quantitative review, we provide meta-analytical evidence on the smoking and suicide attempt link in 22 studies (k = 27 independent samples; N = 11,452) of patients with psychosis and bipolar disorder. We observed a small meaningful effect of smoking on suicide attempts (OR = 1.70; 95% CI [1.48; 1.95]), indicating that smokers have 1.70 the odds of having reported a suicide attempt compared to non-smokers. This effect generalized across diagnosis type (i.e., schizophrenia vs. bipolar spectrum disorder), sample type (i.e., in-vs. outpatients), and participant sex. However, the observed summary effect appeared somewhat inflated due to publication process-related mechanisms, showing some evidence for effect-inflating publication bias and a decline effect. In all, the presently observed smoking and suicide attempt link appears to be small but meaningful and robust, thus suggesting smoking status represents a useful variable for the identification of at-risk populations for suicide attempts.

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吸烟行为与精神病患者和双相情感障碍患者的自杀倾向有关：系统性定量综述和荟萃分析

与普通人群相比，吸烟行为在精神病患者和躁郁症患者中更为普遍。然而，关于吸烟患者自杀未遂率高于不吸烟患者的报道表明，吸烟行为可能有助于以相对简单的方式识别高危患者群体。在本系统性定量综述中，我们提供了 22 项研究（k = 27 个独立样本；N = 11,452 人）中有关吸烟与自杀未遂之间联系的元分析证据，这些研究的对象都是精神病和躁郁症患者。我们观察到吸烟对自杀未遂的影响很小（OR = 1.70; 95% CI [1.48; 1.95]），这表明吸烟者报告自杀未遂的几率比不吸烟者高出 1.70。这一效应在不同的诊断类型（即精神分裂症与双相情感障碍）、样本类型（即住院病人与门诊病人）和参与者性别中都有普遍性。然而，由于与发表过程相关的机制，观察到的总结效应似乎有些夸大，显示出一些效应夸大发表偏差和下降效应的证据。总之，目前观察到的吸烟与自杀未遂之间的联系似乎很小，但却很有意义且稳健，这表明吸烟状况是识别自杀未遂高危人群的一个有用变量。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

13.20%

发文量

7396

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Psychology is the largest journal in its field, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across the psychological sciences, from clinical research to cognitive science, from perception to consciousness, from imaging studies to human factors, and from animal cognition to social psychology. Field Chief Editor Axel Cleeremans at the Free University of Brussels is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. The journal publishes the best research across the entire field of psychology. Today, psychological science is becoming increasingly important at all levels of society, from the treatment of clinical disorders to our basic understanding of how the mind works. It is highly interdisciplinary, borrowing questions from philosophy, methods from neuroscience and insights from clinical practice - all in the goal of furthering our grasp of human nature and society, as well as our ability to develop new intervention methods.