Numerical Simulation of Molten Steel Flow Field in a Ladle Induced by Low‐Frequency High‐Power Ultrasound

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1002/srin.202400312

Qing Guo, Min Chen, Lei Xu, Weihao Cheng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

To encourage the use of ultrasound in the calcium treatment of molten steel, this study utilizes the volume‐of‐fluid (VOF) method combined with a mixture model to analyze the distribution of the flow field in molten steel when ultrasound is applied. The effects of low‐frequency, high‐power ultrasound on the pressure field, volume fraction of cavitation bubbles, velocity distribution, and turbulence intensity are investigated. The results reveal a pattern of alternating positive and negative pressure in the pressure field during each cycle, with the lowest pressure measuring −9.63 × 104 Pa at 96 kW. The cavitation bubbles are concentrated in the intense cavitation area beneath the ultrasonic probe, exhibiting a maximum volume fraction of 2.50 × 10−2. The axial velocity peaks at the central axis, whereas the radial velocity is negligible. The maximum axial velocity increases from 0.36 m/s at 48 kW to 0.82 m/s at 120 kW. This velocity trend mirrors the turbulence intensity distribution, with the highest turbulence intensity of 276 at 96 kW. These findings provide a theoretical basis for low‐frequency, high‐power ultrasound to improve the calcium treatment of molten steel. The outcomes of the numerical simulation closely align with the experimental results, substantiating their reliability through a comparison with published studies.

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低频大功率超声波诱导钢包中钢水流场的数值模拟

为了鼓励在钢水钙化处理中使用超声波，本研究利用流体体积法（VOF）结合混合物模型分析了超声波应用时钢水中的流场分布。研究了低频大功率超声波对压力场、空化气泡体积分数、速度分布和湍流强度的影响。结果表明，在每个周期中，压力场中的正压和负压交替出现，96 kW 时的最低压力为 -9.63 × 104 Pa。空化气泡集中在超声波探头下方的强烈空化区域，最大体积分数为 2.50 × 10-2。轴向速度在中心轴处达到峰值，而径向速度可以忽略不计。最大轴向速度从 48 kW 时的 0.36 m/s 增至 120 kW 时的 0.82 m/s。这一速度趋势反映了湍流强度分布，96 kW 时湍流强度最高，为 276。这些发现为低频大功率超声改善钢水钙化处理提供了理论依据。数值模拟的结果与实验结果非常吻合，通过与已发表的研究结果进行比较，证实了这些结果的可靠性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.