Study on Evolution Behavior of Carbides in Industrial‐Grade American Iron and Steel Institute M35 High‐Speed Steel Produced by Electroslag Remelting

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1002/srin.202400292

Wei Liang, Jing Li, Jiahao Li, Jian Chai

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Abstract

In order to optimize the heating schedule before forging and improve the breaking and deformation effects of carbides in high‐speed steel, it is of great significance to study the transformation of M2C carbides at high temperatures. The evolution of carbides in the industrial‐grade American Iron and Steel Institute M35 steel produced by electroslag remelting (ESR) is analyzed and observed using thermodynamic calculations and experimental methods. The results indicate that the carbides in the ESR ingot are mainly MC and M2C, and the microstructures of M2C carbides with the highest volume fraction are lamellar and brain like. As the heating temperature increases and holding time prolongs, the lamellar M2C carbides gradually transform into MC and M6C carbides, accompanied by protrusion, dissolution, separation, and spheroidization of the microstructure, until significant coarsening occurs at 1180 °C for 90 min. The newly transformed carbides are embedded and stacked with each other, occupying the original position of M2C carbides. Based on the theories of Gibbs free energy and atomic diffusion, the evolution mechanism of M2C carbides is discussed. Ultimately, the appropriate heating schedule is proposed, and it is validated by combining the characteristics of carbides after forging.

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电渣重熔法生产的工业级美国钢铁协会 M35 高速钢中碳化物的演变行为研究

为了优化锻造前的加热时间，改善碳化物在高速钢中的断裂和变形效果，研究 M2C 碳化物在高温下的转变具有重要意义。利用热力学计算和实验方法，分析和观察了电渣重熔（ESR）生产的工业级美国钢铁协会 M35 钢中碳化物的演变过程。结果表明，ESR 钢锭中的碳化物主要是 MC 和 M2C，其中体积分数最高的 M2C 碳化物的微观结构为片状和脑状。随着加热温度的升高和保温时间的延长，片状 M2C 碳化物逐渐转变为 MC 和 M6C 碳化物，并伴随着微观结构的突起、溶解、分离和球化，直至在 1180 ℃、保温 90 分钟时发生明显的粗化。新转化的碳化物相互嵌入和堆积，占据了 M2C 碳化物的原有位置。基于吉布斯自由能和原子扩散理论，讨论了 M2C 碳化物的演化机理。最后，提出了适当的加热时间表，并结合锻造后碳化物的特征进行了验证。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.