Mitigating Blue Bull Menace: Assessing Strategies for Sustainable Agriculture

IF 2.4 3区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
Kiran Rani, B. K. Babbar
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Blue bull (Boselaphus tragocamelus), the largest antelope is causing significant crop losses in Punjab, India and farmers are continuously struggling to get rid of this menace. During present study, various mitigation tactics like physical barriers (such as barbed wire fencing, chain-linked fencing, electric fencing, and nylon net), mechanical and visual deterrent (such as bioacoustic and LED bulb, reflective ribbon) and repellents (such as phenyl, neelbo, and repellent based formulation i.e., RBF) were evaluated in different crops against the blue bull. Among physical barriers, chain-linked fencing, electric fencing, and nylon net, each at a height of ≥ 7 feet, had given promising results by providing complete protection for ≥ 2 year with a single application cost. Whereas barbed wire fencing and electric fencing at a height of 4–5 feet were not very effective against these animals, as they easily crossed fencings at lower height. All these physical barriers were not cost effective except in maize crop, which is the most preferred crop by blue bull. Bioacoustic device and reflective ribbon successfully reduced animal visits or percent damage and provided short term relief; however, after some time, animals developed habituation against these methods. Among chemical repellents, RBF significantly reduced the percent crop damage, was cost effective and remained operative for 21–69 days, while phenyl and neelbo exhibited effectiveness for only 7–14 days. Thus, this study suggests that while comprehensive damage prevention by physical barriers might be difficult or unaffordable for farmers, the use of repellent based formulation at vulnerable stages of crops can prevent damage for longer durations. Implementing a diverse set of management devices at the appropriate times can form an economically viable strategy to maintain blue bull damage within acceptable limits.

Abstract Image

减轻蓝牛威胁:评估可持续农业战略
蓝牛(Boselaphus tragocamelus)是印度旁遮普邦最大的羚羊,造成了严重的农作物损失,农民们一直在努力消除这一威胁。在本研究中,针对不同作物中的蓝牛,对各种缓解策略进行了评估,如物理屏障(如带刺铁丝网、链式栅栏、电网和尼龙网)、机械和视觉威慑(如生物声波和 LED 灯泡、反光带)以及驱避剂(如苯基、neelbo 和基于驱避剂的配方,即 RBF)。在物理屏障中,高度≥ 7 英尺的链条栅栏、电栅栏和尼龙网效果良好,只需一次施用,就能提供≥ 2 年的全面保护。而高度为 4-5 英尺的有刺铁丝网和电网围栏对这些动物并不十分有效,因为它们很容易穿过高度较低的围栏。除玉米作物外,所有这些物理屏障都不划算,而玉米是蓝牛最喜欢的作物。生物声波装置和反光带成功地减少了动物的光顾或降低了损害的百分比,并提供了短期缓解;然而,一段时间后,动物对这些方法产生了习惯性反应。在化学驱避剂中,RBF 能显著降低作物损害率,具有成本效益,并能维持 21-69 天,而苯基和奈尔波的有效期仅为 7-14 天。因此,这项研究表明,虽然通过物理屏障全面预防损害对农民来说可能比较困难或负担不起,但在作物的脆弱阶段使用驱避剂配方可以在更长的时间内预防损害。在适当的时候实施一系列不同的管理措施,可以形成一种经济可行的战略,将蓝牛的危害控制在可接受的范围内。
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来源期刊
Gesunde Pflanzen
Gesunde Pflanzen 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
25.80%
发文量
152
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Gesunde Pflanzen publiziert praxisbezogene Beiträge zum Pflanzenschutz in Landwirtschaft, Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau und öffentlichem Grün und seinen Bezügen zum Umwelt- und Verbraucherschutz sowie zu Rechtsfragen. Das Themenspektrum reicht von der Bestimmung der Schadorganismen über Maßnahmen und Verfahren zur Minderung des Befallsrisikos bis hin zur Entwicklung und Anwendung nicht-chemischer und chemischer Bekämpfungsstrategien und -verfahren, aber auch zu Fragen der Auswirkungen des Pflanzenschutzes auf die Umwelt, die Sicherung der Ernährung sowie zu allgemeinen Fragen wie Nutzen und Risiken und zur Entwicklung neuer Technologien. Jedes Heft enthält Originalbeiträge renommierter Wissenschaftler, aktuelle Informationen von Verbänden sowie aus der Industrie, Pressemitteilungen und Personalia. Damit bietet die Zeitschrift vor allem Behörden und Anwendern im Agrarsektor und Verbraucherschutz fundierte Praxisunterstützung auf wissenschaftlichem Niveau.
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