Optimizing fluid dynamics: An in-depth study for nano-biomedical applications with a heat source

Abstract

A review of the existing literature on the theoretical study of peristalsis reveals that the results of a lot of investigations on peristaltic motion in a variety of complex geometries such as symmetry/asymmetric channel, tube, annulus, non-uniform channel, and curved channel are significantly improved referring to a wide range of biological, biomedical and engineering circumstances. However, as of now, the combined impacts of curvature and asymmetric displacement of walls on wall-induced fluid motion are still kept open even though the structure of the channel may also exist in the form of a curved asymmetric channel in nature. In the current investigation, a theoretical analysis of the peristaltic motion of hybrid nanofluids within a curved asymmetric channel having systematically contracting and expanding sinusoidal heated walls is examined with reference to applications of physiological conduits. Moreover, According to theory, nanofluids are mono-phase liquids in which the base fluid and the floating nanoparticles are at local temperature equilibrium, preventing slippage. The severely nonlinear governing equations of hybrid nanofluid motion powered by peristalsis are restricted to approximations based on a long wavelength and minuscule Reynolds numbers. After that, exact analytical solutions of the hybrid nanofluid were found. Finally, diagrams for the impact of relevant parameters are efficiently used to discuss and conclude the results. The outcomes demonstrate that, in comparison to the base fluid, the hybrid nanofluid has a lower temperature. The difference in heat conductivity between copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles has a small influence, which may be the reason for the extremely small difference in importance between nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid. These findings have several practical implications, some of which, improved drug delivery systems where the lower temperature and efficient heat transfer properties of hybrid nanofluids can be leveraged to design more effective and reliable micro-pumps for drug delivery.