Curing Agent for High-Concentration Unclassified Tailings Stockpiling: A Case Study of Tailings from a Gold Mine

IF 2.2 4区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Minerals Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI:10.3390/min14090884

Weixiang Wang, Kun Li, Lijie Guo, Sha Wang, Yifan Chu, Yao Lu

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Abstract

The disposal of tailings has always been a focal point in the mining industry. Semi-dry tailings stockpiling, specifically high-concentration tailings stockpiling, has emerged as a potential solution. To enhance the stability of tailings stockpiling and minimize its costs, the incorporation of a low-cost curing agent into high-concentration tailings is essential. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of a curing agent for high-concentration unclassified tailings stockpiling. The composition of a low-cost curing agent system is determined based on theoretical analysis, and the curing reaction mechanisms of each composition are researched. Subsequently, an orthogonal experiment is designed, and the strength of the modified unclassified tailings solidified samples at different curing ages is measured. Furthermore, the rheological properties of the modified unclassified tailings slurries are tested, and the feasibility of industrial transportation of the unclassified tailings slurries modified with the optimized curing agent is analyzed. Lastly, the microscopic morphologies of each material and the modified unclassified tailings solidified samples are characterized, their chemical compositions are tested, and the action mechanism of the curing agent in the curing system is further investigated. The results show that the optimal proportions of each material in the curing agent are as follows: slag, 58%; quicklime, 15%; cement, 8%; gypsum, 9%; and bentonite, 10%. The dominance of industrial waste slag exceeding 50% reflects the low-cost nature of the curing agent. Under this condition, the modified unclassified tailings slurry with a mass concentration of 75% exhibited a yield stress of 43.62 Pa and a viscosity coefficient of 0.67 Pa·s, which is suitable for pipeline transportation. These findings lay a foundation for subsequent decisions regarding stockpiling processes and equipment selection.

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高浓度未分类尾矿堆放固化剂：金矿尾矿案例研究

尾矿处理一直是采矿业的焦点问题。半干法尾矿堆放，特别是高浓度尾矿堆放，已成为一种潜在的解决方案。为了提高尾矿堆放的稳定性并最大限度地降低成本，必须在高浓度尾矿中加入低成本固化剂。因此，本研究的重点是开发一种用于高浓度未分类尾矿堆放的固化剂。根据理论分析确定了低成本固化剂体系的组成，并研究了每种组成的固化反应机理。随后，设计了一个正交实验，测量了改性未分类尾矿固化样品在不同固化龄期的强度。此外，还测试了改性未分类尾矿泥浆的流变特性，并分析了用优化固化剂改性的未分类尾矿泥浆进行工业运输的可行性。最后，对每种材料和改性未分类尾矿固化样品的微观形态进行了表征，测试了它们的化学成分，并进一步研究了固化剂在固化体系中的作用机理。结果表明，固化剂中各种材料的最佳比例如下：矿渣，58%；生石灰，15%；水泥，8%；石膏，9%；膨润土，10%。工业废渣所占比例超过 50%，反映了固化剂的低成本特性。在此条件下，质量浓度为 75% 的改良未分类尾矿浆的屈服应力为 43.62 Pa，粘度系数为 0.67 Pa-s，适合管道运输。这些发现为后续有关堆放工艺和设备选择的决策奠定了基础。

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来源期刊

Minerals MINERALOGY-MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

20.00%

发文量

1351

审稿时长

19.04 days

期刊介绍： Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X) is an international open access journal that covers the broad field of mineralogy, economic mineral resources, mineral exploration, innovative mining techniques and advances in mineral processing. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.

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