Synthesis of Alpha Ferrous Oxalate Dihydrate from Ferrotitaniferous Mineral Sands via Hot Pressurized Aqueous Oxalic Acid: Kinetics and Characterization

IF 2.2 4区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Minerals Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.3390/min14090891

Carla S. Valdivieso-Ramírez, Salomé Galeas, Marleny D. A. Saldaña, Patricia I. Pontón, Víctor H. Guerrero, Karla Vizuete, Alexis Debut, Bojan A. Marinkovic

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Abstract

Ferrous oxalate dihydrate is a versatile organic mineral with applications across fields. However, little is known about the feasibility of its synthesis directly from iron-bearing minerals using binary subcritical water (sCW) systems and its associated kinetics. In this study, the sCW+oxalic acid system at either 115 °C or 135 °C was investigated as a reaction medium for ferrous oxalate dihydrate (α-FeC2O4∙2H2O) synthesis, starting from ferrotitaniferous sands. The kinetics of the synthesis reaction were studied, and the physicochemical characterization of the as-synthetized ferrous oxalates was performed. Overall, the sCW synthesis was temperature-dependent, following second-order reaction kinetics according to the proposed precipitation pathway. A high reaction rate constant, significantly high yields (up to 89%), and reduced reaction times (2–8 h) were evident at 135 °C. The as-synthetized product corresponded to the monoclinic α-FeC2O4∙2H2O, showed relatively high specific surface areas (from 31.9 to 33.7 m2∙g−1), and exhibited band gap energies within the visible light range (~2.77 eV). These results suggest that α-FeC2O4∙2H2O can be synthesized using an organic dicarboxylic acid and iron-rich, widely available, low-cost mineral precursors. In addition, the as-prepared α-FeC2O4∙2H2O could be further optimized and tested for catalytic and visible light photocatalytic applications.

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通过热压草酸水溶液从含铁矿砂中合成二水α-草酸亚铁：动力学与表征

草酸亚铁二水合物是一种用途广泛的有机矿物，可应用于各个领域。然而，人们对利用二元亚临界水（sCW）体系直接从含铁矿物合成草酸亚铁的可行性及其相关动力学知之甚少。在本研究中，研究了在 115 ℃ 或 135 ℃ 下将 sCW+ 草酸体系作为反应介质，从铁钛铁矿砂中合成二水草酸亚铁（α-FeC2O4∙2H2O）。研究了合成反应的动力学，并对合成的草酸亚铁进行了物理化学表征。总的来说，草酸亚铁的合成与温度有关，根据所提出的沉淀途径，其反应动力学为二阶反应动力学。135 °C 时反应速率常数高，产率显著提高（高达 89%），反应时间缩短（2-8 h）。合成产物为单斜α-FeC2O4∙2H2O，显示出相对较高的比表面积（从 31.9 到 33.7 m2∙g-1），并在可见光范围内显示出带隙能（~2.77 eV）。这些结果表明，α-FeC2O4∙2H2O 可以使用有机二羧酸和富铁、广泛存在且成本低廉的矿物前驱体合成。此外，制备的 α-FeC2O4∙2H2O 可进一步优化并测试其催化和可见光光催化应用。

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来源期刊

Minerals MINERALOGY-MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

20.00%

发文量

1351

审稿时长

19.04 days

期刊介绍： Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X) is an international open access journal that covers the broad field of mineralogy, economic mineral resources, mineral exploration, innovative mining techniques and advances in mineral processing. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.