Geology and Geochemistry of the Hongnipo Copper Deposit, Southwest China

IF 2.2 4区地球科学 Q2 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Minerals Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.3390/min14090936

Wangdong Yang, Gongwen Wang, Yunchou Xu

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Abstract

The Hongnipo deposit, a newly discovered large copper deposit in the Kangdian Fe-Cu metallogenic belt of southwest China, is hosted in the Paleoproterozoic metavolcanic and metasedimentary rocks of the Hekou group. The deposit comprises five strata-bound ore bodies and is associated with sporadically distributed gabbroic intrusions. Four stages of mineralization and alteration have been identified: sodic alteration (I), banded sulfide (II), magnetite (III), and sulfide vein/stockwork (IV). Extensive sodic alteration of stage I is confirmed by the composition of feldspars. Trace element analysis of magnetite suggests a formation temperature of 400 ± 50 °C and has a characteristic of IOCG deposits, while high δ18O values (8.3–11.0‰) of fluids from stage III indicate a magmatic water origin. Sulfide δ34SVCDT values from stages II and IV range from −2.6 to 10.9‰ and −1.5 to 9.9‰, respectively, suggesting a mixed sulfur source from magmatic H2S and reduced seawater sulfate. Chalcopyrite from Hongnipo shows a narrow δ65Cu range of −0.135 to 0.587‰, indicating formation at high temperatures. The lack of correlation between δ65Cu and δ34SVCDT values suggests distinct geochemical behaviors in mineralization. In summary, the Hongnipo deposit is classified as a Cu-rich section of a typical IOCG deposit.

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中国西南红泥坡铜矿藏的地质学和地球化学

红泥坡矿床是中国西南康店铁铜成矿带新发现的大型铜矿床，赋存于河口组的古新生代变质火山岩和变质岩中。该矿床由五个地层结合矿体组成，并与零星分布的辉长岩侵入体伴生。已确定矿化和蚀变分为四个阶段：钠化蚀变（I）、带状硫化物（II）、磁铁矿（III）和硫化物脉/储层（IV）。长石的成分证实了第一阶段的广泛钠化蚀变。磁铁矿的微量元素分析表明其形成温度为 400 ± 50 °C，具有 IOCG 矿床的特征，而第三阶段流体的高δ18O 值（8.3-11.0‰）表明其来源于岩浆水。第二和第四阶段的硫化物δ34SVCDT值分别为-2.6-10.9‰和-1.5-9.9‰，表明硫源来自岩浆H2S和还原海水硫酸盐。红泥坡黄铜矿的δ65Cu范围较窄，为-0.135至0.587‰，表明黄铜矿是在高温下形成的。δ65Cu和δ34SVCDT值之间缺乏相关性，这表明成矿过程中存在不同的地球化学行为。总之，红泥坡矿床被归类为典型的 IOCG 矿床的富铜矿段。

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来源期刊

Minerals MINERALOGY-MINING & MINERAL PROCESSING

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

20.00%

发文量

1351

审稿时长

19.04 days

期刊介绍： Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X) is an international open access journal that covers the broad field of mineralogy, economic mineral resources, mineral exploration, innovative mining techniques and advances in mineral processing. It publishes reviews, regular research papers and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced.