A Review of Some of the History of Factorial Invariance and Differential Item Functioning.

IF 5.3 3区 心理学 Q1 MATHEMATICS, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS
David Thissen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The concept of factorial invariance has evolved since it originated in the 1930s as a criterion for the usefulness of the multiple factor model; it has become a form of analysis supporting the validity of inferences about group differences on underlying latent variables. The analysis of differential item functioning (DIF) arose in the literature of item response theory (IRT), where its original purpose was the detection and removal of test items that are differentially difficult for, or biased against, one subpopulation or another. The two traditions merge at the level of the underlying latent variable model, but their separate origins and different purposes have led them to differ in details of terminology and procedure. This review traces some aspects of the histories of the two traditions, ultimately drawing some conclusions about how analysts may draw on elements of both, and how the nature of the research question determines the procedures used. Whether statistical tests are grouped by parameter (as in studies of factorial invariance) or across parameters by variable (as in DIF analysis) depends on the context and is independent of the model, as are subtle aspects of the order of the tests. In any case in which DIF or partial invariance is a possibility, the invariant parameters, or anchor items in DIF analysis, are best selected in an interplay between the statistics and judgment about what is being measured.
因子不变性和差异项目功能的部分历史回顾。
因子不变量的概念起源于 20 世纪 30 年代,当时是衡量多因子模型是否有用的一个标准;如今,它已发展成为一种分析形式,支持对潜在变量的群体差异进行有效性推断。差异项目功能(DIF)分析产生于项目反应理论(IRT)的文献中,其最初目的是检测和去除对一个或另一个亚群有不同难度或偏见的测试项目。这两个传统在潜在变量模型的层面上是一致的,但它们各自的起源和不同的目的导致它们在术语和程序的细节上有所不同。本综述将追溯这两种传统的某些历史方面,最终得出一些结论,即分析人员如何借鉴这两种传统的要素,以及研究问题的性质如何决定所使用的程序。统计检验是按参数分组(如因子不变量研究)还是按变量跨参数分组(如 DIF 分析)取决于具体情况,与模型无关,检验顺序的微妙之处也是如此。在任何可能存在 DIF 或部分不变量的情况下,不变量参数或 DIF 分析中的锚项最好是在统计数据和对测量内容的判断之间进行选择。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Multivariate Behavioral Research
Multivariate Behavioral Research 数学-数学跨学科应用
CiteScore
7.60
自引率
2.60%
发文量
49
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Multivariate Behavioral Research (MBR) publishes a variety of substantive, methodological, and theoretical articles in all areas of the social and behavioral sciences. Most MBR articles fall into one of two categories. Substantive articles report on applications of sophisticated multivariate research methods to study topics of substantive interest in personality, health, intelligence, industrial/organizational, and other behavioral science areas. Methodological articles present and/or evaluate new developments in multivariate methods, or address methodological issues in current research. We also encourage submission of integrative articles related to pedagogy involving multivariate research methods, and to historical treatments of interest and relevance to multivariate research methods.
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