Gao Yuan, Minglu Yin, Tangjie Nie, Yao Chen, Liyong Sun, Zengfang Yin
{"title":"Phenological growth stages of Amaranthus palmeri according to the extended BBCH scale","authors":"Gao Yuan, Minglu Yin, Tangjie Nie, Yao Chen, Liyong Sun, Zengfang Yin","doi":"10.1111/aab.12941","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Amaranthus palmeri</i> S. Watson is a problematic weed that has been encountered almost all over the world because of its stronger adaptability, which causes huge economic losses and local plant diversity decline. As an invasive plant, <i>A. palmeri</i> has been found throughout China. We thus make a code system to describe the phenological growth process of <i>A. palmeri</i> according to the extended BBCH scale to better understand the phenological growth of this weed in China. The growth process of <i>A. palmeri</i> was divided into vegetative growth phases and reproductive growth phases. The vegetative growth phases are composed of seed germination (0), leaf development (1), formation of side shoots (2) and main stem elongation (3). Likewise, the reproductive growth phases include inflorescence emergence (5), blooming (6), fruit development (7), seed maturity (8) and senescence (9). Based on the extended BBCH scale, the first digit stands for the primary growth stages, and the third digit represents the secondary growth stages. In particular, the second digit defines the growth progress: the number 0, means the vegetative growth phases, and the number 1 stands for the reproductive growth phases. Owing to the fact that its seed can germinate multiple times within a year, a general illustration of the phenological development stages of <i>A. palmeri</i> germinating in different months was provided here to describe the growth dynamic characteristic at different times. These data are of great significance to develop effective strategies for weed control and management of <i>A. palmeri</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":7977,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Applied Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Annals of Applied Biology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aab.12941","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson is a problematic weed that has been encountered almost all over the world because of its stronger adaptability, which causes huge economic losses and local plant diversity decline. As an invasive plant, A. palmeri has been found throughout China. We thus make a code system to describe the phenological growth process of A. palmeri according to the extended BBCH scale to better understand the phenological growth of this weed in China. The growth process of A. palmeri was divided into vegetative growth phases and reproductive growth phases. The vegetative growth phases are composed of seed germination (0), leaf development (1), formation of side shoots (2) and main stem elongation (3). Likewise, the reproductive growth phases include inflorescence emergence (5), blooming (6), fruit development (7), seed maturity (8) and senescence (9). Based on the extended BBCH scale, the first digit stands for the primary growth stages, and the third digit represents the secondary growth stages. In particular, the second digit defines the growth progress: the number 0, means the vegetative growth phases, and the number 1 stands for the reproductive growth phases. Owing to the fact that its seed can germinate multiple times within a year, a general illustration of the phenological development stages of A. palmeri germinating in different months was provided here to describe the growth dynamic characteristic at different times. These data are of great significance to develop effective strategies for weed control and management of A. palmeri.
期刊介绍:
Annals of Applied Biology is an international journal sponsored by the Association of Applied Biologists. The journal publishes original research papers on all aspects of applied research on crop production, crop protection and the cropping ecosystem. The journal is published both online and in six printed issues per year.
Annals papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge and may, among others, encompass the scientific disciplines of:
Agronomy
Agrometeorology
Agrienvironmental sciences
Applied genomics
Applied metabolomics
Applied proteomics
Biodiversity
Biological control
Climate change
Crop ecology
Entomology
Genetic manipulation
Molecular biology
Mycology
Nematology
Pests
Plant pathology
Plant breeding & genetics
Plant physiology
Post harvest biology
Soil science
Statistics
Virology
Weed biology
Annals also welcomes reviews of interest in these subject areas. Reviews should be critical surveys of the field and offer new insights. All papers are subject to peer review. Papers must usually contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge in applied biology but short papers discussing techniques or substantiated results, and reviews of current knowledge of interest to applied biologists will be considered for publication. Papers or reviews must not be offered to any other journal for prior or simultaneous publication and normally average seven printed pages.