Compost as Green Adsorbent for the Azo Dyes: Structural Characterization and Dye Removal Mechanism

IF 2.9 4区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1007/s11814-024-00254-7

Joanna Kyziol-Komosinska, Agnieszka Dzieniszewska, Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska, Anna Kołbus, Justyna Czupioł

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Abstract

The study aimed to determine the feasibility of using compost as a ‘green adsorbent’ for the removal of five anionic azo dyes belonging to the monoazo, disazo and trisazo classes: Direct Red 81 (DR-81), Direct Blue 74 (DB-74), Reactive Blue 81 (RB-81), Reactive Red 198 (RR-198) and Acid Black 194 (ABk-194) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity of the compost was determined using a batch method with initial dye concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 mg/L. The kinetics of dye removal followed a pseudo-second-order model, indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The monoazo dyes RB-81, RR-198 and ABk-194 with the smaller molecule size were adsorbed the fastest. The Langmuir and Sips models best fit the adsorption system with maximum adsorption capacities in the range of 12.64 mg/g (RR-198)—20.92 mg/g (ABk-194) and 12.57 mg/g (RR-198)—25.43 mg/g (ABk-194), respectively. The adsorption depended on the dye structure, especially on the ratio of the numbers of proton donors to proton acceptor locations in functional groups. The differences in the adsorption mechanism could be explained by thermodynamic properties such as dipole moments, HOMO–LUMO energy gap, polarizability, electron affinity, ionization potential, electronegativity and chemical hardness obtained by Density Functional Theory.

Graphical Abstract

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堆肥作为偶氮染料的绿色吸附剂：结构特征与染料去除机理

该研究旨在确定使用堆肥作为 "绿色吸附剂 "去除单偶氮、二偶氮和三偶氮类五种阴离子偶氮染料的可行性：直接红 81（DR-81）、直接蓝 74（DB-74）、反应蓝 81（RB-81）、反应红 198（RR-198）和酸性黑 194（ABk-194）。堆肥的吸附能力是采用批量法测定的，初始染料浓度为 1 到 1000 毫克/升。染料去除动力学遵循伪二阶模型，表明化学吸附是限速步骤。分子尺寸较小的单偶氮染料 RB-81、RR-198 和 ABk-194 的吸附速度最快。Langmuir 模型和 Sips 模型最适合吸附体系，最大吸附容量范围分别为 12.64 mg/g（RR-198）-20.92 mg/g（ABk-194）和 12.57 mg/g（RR-198）-25.43 mg/g（ABk-194）。吸附情况取决于染料的结构，特别是功能基团中质子供体与质子受体的数量比。吸附机理的差异可以用密度泛函理论得到的偶极矩、HOMO-LUMO 能隙、极化性、电子亲和性、电离电位、电负性和化学硬度等热力学性质来解释。

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来源期刊

Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

11.10%

发文量

310

审稿时长

4.7 months

期刊介绍： The Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering provides a global forum for the dissemination of research in chemical engineering. The Journal publishes significant research results obtained in the Asia-Pacific region, and simultaneously introduces recent technical progress made in other areas of the world to this region. Submitted research papers must be of potential industrial significance and specifically concerned with chemical engineering. The editors will give preference to papers having a clearly stated practical scope and applicability in the areas of chemical engineering, and to those where new theoretical concepts are supported by new experimental details. The Journal also regularly publishes featured reviews on emerging and industrially important subjects of chemical engineering as well as selected papers presented at international conferences on the subjects.