Enhanced strength of a high-conductivity Cu-Cr alloy by Sc addition

IF 9.6 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Rare Metals Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1007/s12598-024-02947-8

Tao Huang, Chao-Min Zhang, Ying-Xuan Ma, Shu-Guo Jia, Ke-Xing Song, Yan-Jun Zhou, Xiu-Hua Guo, Zhen-Peng Xiao, Hui-Wen Guo

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Abstract

A new Cu-Cr-Sc alloy was designed, prepared and subjected to deformation heat treatment. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to investigate the effects of Sc on the microstructural changes in the Cu-Cr alloy in different states, examine the changes in the precipitates during aging, reveal the intrinsic correlation between the structure and property in the peak aging state, and evaluate the Sc distribution in the Cu-Cr alloy. The addition of Sc significantly increased the yield strength of the Cu-Cr alloy by ~ 24.6% after aging at 480 °C for 1 h, while it had a high electrical conductivity of 81.5% international annealed copper standard (IACS). This enhancement was attributed to the effective inhibition of Cr phase coarsening and recrystallization through the addition of Sc, which strengthened the alloy. Furthermore, in the Cu-Cr-Sc alloy, most of the Sc atoms precipitated as the Cu₄Sc phase, with a small amount of Sc segregating at the grain boundaries to pin them. This grain boundary pinning helped to inhibit grain growth and further improve the strength. The main strengthening mechanisms identified in Cu-Cr-Sc alloys were dislocation strengthening and precipitation strengthening.

Graphical abstract

Abstract Image

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通过添加 Sc 增强高导电率铜-铬合金的强度

设计、制备了一种新型 Cu-Cr-Sc 合金，并对其进行了变形热处理。采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、电子反向散射衍射（EBSD）和 X 射线衍射（XRD）研究了 Sc 对不同状态下 Cu-Cr 合金微观结构变化的影响，考察了时效过程中析出物的变化，揭示了峰值时效状态下结构与性能之间的内在关联，并评估了 Sc 在 Cu-Cr 合金中的分布。添加 Sc 后，Cu-Cr 合金在 480 °C 下时效 1 小时后屈服强度明显提高了约 24.6%，同时导电率高达 81.5% 国际退火铜标准（IACS）。这种提高归因于通过添加钪有效抑制了铬相的粗化和再结晶，从而强化了合金。此外，在 Cu-Cr-Sc 合金中，大部分 Sc 原子以 Cu4Sc 相的形式析出，少量 Sc 在晶界处偏析，将晶界固定。这种晶界夹持有助于抑制晶粒长大，进一步提高强度。在 Cu-Cr-Sc 合金中发现的主要强化机制是位错强化和沉淀强化。

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来源期刊

Rare Metals 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

12.10

自引率

12.50%

发文量

2919

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Rare Metals is a monthly peer-reviewed journal published by the Nonferrous Metals Society of China. It serves as a platform for engineers and scientists to communicate and disseminate original research articles in the field of rare metals. The journal focuses on a wide range of topics including metallurgy, processing, and determination of rare metals. Additionally, it showcases the application of rare metals in advanced materials such as superconductors, semiconductors, composites, and ceramics.