Vocal changes as indicators of pain in harbor seal pups (Phoca vitulina)

IF 2 3区生物学 Q2 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Marine Mammal Science Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI:10.1111/mms.13170

Amelia Mari MacRae, I. Joanna Makowska, David Fraser

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Abstract

Vocalizations are potential indicators of pain in animals. We recorded and analyzed spectrographically the vocalizations of harbor seal pups (Phoca vitulina) before, during, and after the routine procedures of flipper tagging and microchipping prior to release from a rehabilitation facility in British Columbia, Canada. It is standard practice for these procedures to be done without analgesia. In Experiment 1, we compared vocalizations before and after the procedures (n = 21); in Experiment 2, we compared vocalizations in response to real and sham procedures (n = 10). In Experiment 1, seals produced more vocalizations, and peak frequency was higher, after tagging and after microchipping. In Experiment 2, seals also produced more vocalizations after real but not after sham tagging and microchipping. The average peak frequency was higher after each procedure, but not after each sham procedure. These results suggest that an increase in the number and peak frequency of vocalizations are indicators of pain in seal pups. The results also suggest that analgesia, when feasible, should be considered for harbor seal pups undergoing routine flipper tagging and microchipping.

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作为港海豹（Phoca vitulina）幼崽疼痛指标的声音变化

发声是动物疼痛的潜在指标。在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的一家康复设施中，我们记录并分析了港海豹幼崽（Phoca vitulina）在接受鳍状肢标记和微型芯片植入等常规程序之前、期间和之后的发声。这些程序的标准做法是不使用镇痛剂。在实验 1 中，我们比较了海豹在手术前后的发声情况（n = 21）；在实验 2 中，我们比较了海豹对真实手术和假手术的发声情况（n = 10）。在实验 1 中，海豹在标记后和植入芯片后发出的声音更多，峰值频率也更高。在实验 2 中，海豹在真正标记和植入微型芯片后发出的声音也更多，而在假标记和植入微型芯片后则没有。每种方法后的平均峰值频率都更高，但每种假方法后的峰值频率都不高。这些结果表明，发声次数和峰值频率的增加是海豹幼崽疼痛的指标。这些结果还表明，在可行的情况下，应考虑对接受常规鳍状标记和微型芯片植入术的幼海豹进行镇痛。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Marine Mammal Science 生物-动物学

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

8.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Published for the Society for Marine Mammalogy, Marine Mammal Science is a source of significant new findings on marine mammals resulting from original research on their form and function, evolution, systematics, physiology, biochemistry, behavior, population biology, life history, genetics, ecology and conservation. The journal features both original and review articles, notes, opinions and letters. It serves as a vital resource for anyone studying marine mammals.