Enhanced microplastic fragmentation along human built structures in an urban waterway

IF 3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
E. K. Moore, L. Pittman, M. Heminghaus, D. Heintzelman, A. Hatter
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Abstract

Plastic pollution and microplastic (MP, 1 µm to 5 mm) generation are growing problems affecting the global community and a wide range of natural and disturbed environments. Urban and suburban waterways are directly impacted by plastic pollution due to their proximity to population centers and many different types single use plastic waste sources. In this study, plastic waste accumulation and fragmentation was investigated along the Cooper River in Camden County, NJ. Polymer composition was identified for individual plastic waste particles collected along the Cooper River using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Multiple human-built structures (Wallworth Lake, Evans Pond and Hopkins Pond dams) along the Cooper River were found to accumulate different types of plastic waste. The accumulation of plastic waste along these structures resulted in the initial stages of plastic fragmentation and the identification of large MP particles (1 to 5 mm). Quantitative analysis revealed that fragmented polystyrene (PS) particles constituted 82.8% of the total plastic fragments identified, most of which were identified at the Wallworth Lake dam. Many other types of fragmented plastic litter, including polyethylene and polypropylene, were identified at the Wallworth Lake dam, as well. This research demonstrates that engineered structures within urban and suburban aquatic ecosystems serve as significant aggregators of plastic debris, thereby catalyzing its breakdown into microplastics. Considering the escalating ecological and human health ramifications of microplastic proliferation, the fragmentation of plastic waste in an urban and suburban waterway observed in this study can also result in potentially toxic smaller MP particles, and increased exposure to aquatic organisms and humans.

Abstract Image

城市河道中人类建筑结构沿线的微塑料碎片增加
塑料污染和微塑料(MP,1 微米至 5 毫米)的产生正日益成为影响全球社会以及各种自然和受干扰环境的问题。城市和郊区的水道由于靠近人口中心和许多不同类型的一次性塑料废物源,因此直接受到塑料污染的影响。本研究对新泽西州卡姆登县库珀河沿岸的塑料垃圾堆积和破碎情况进行了调查。使用傅立叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)对库珀河沿岸收集的单个塑料垃圾颗粒进行了聚合物成分鉴定。研究发现,库珀河沿岸的多个人工建筑(沃尔沃斯湖、埃文斯池塘和霍普金斯池塘大坝)都积聚了不同类型的塑料垃圾。沿这些结构堆积的塑料垃圾导致了塑料破碎的初始阶段,并确定了大的 MP 颗粒(1 至 5 毫米)。定量分析显示,破碎的聚苯乙烯(PS)颗粒占已识别塑料碎片总数的 82.8%,其中大部分是在沃尔沃斯湖大坝上发现的。在沃尔沃斯湖大坝上还发现了许多其他类型的碎塑料垃圾,包括聚乙烯和聚丙烯。这项研究表明,城市和郊区水生生态系统中的工程结构是塑料碎片的重要聚集地,从而催化塑料碎片分解成微塑料。考虑到微塑料扩散对生态和人类健康造成的日益严重的影响,本研究中观察到的城市和郊区水道中塑料废弃物的碎裂也会产生潜在毒性较小的 MP 粒子,并增加水生生物和人类的接触机会。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
6.50%
发文量
806
审稿时长
10.8 months
期刊介绍: International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (IJEST) is an international scholarly refereed research journal which aims to promote the theory and practice of environmental science and technology, innovation, engineering and management. A broad outline of the journal''s scope includes: peer reviewed original research articles, case and technical reports, reviews and analyses papers, short communications and notes to the editor, in interdisciplinary information on the practice and status of research in environmental science and technology, both natural and man made. The main aspects of research areas include, but are not exclusive to; environmental chemistry and biology, environments pollution control and abatement technology, transport and fate of pollutants in the environment, concentrations and dispersion of wastes in air, water, and soil, point and non-point sources pollution, heavy metals and organic compounds in the environment, atmospheric pollutants and trace gases, solid and hazardous waste management; soil biodegradation and bioremediation of contaminated sites; environmental impact assessment, industrial ecology, ecological and human risk assessment; improved energy management and auditing efficiency and environmental standards and criteria.
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