Precise Calorimetry of Small Metal Samples Using Noise Thermometry

IF 1.1 3区 物理与天体物理 Q4 PHYSICS, APPLIED
Jan Knapp, Lev V. Levitin, Ján Nyéki, Manuel Brando, John Saunders
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Abstract

We describe a compact calorimeter that opens ultra-low-temperature heat capacity studies of small metal crystals in moderate magnetic fields. The performance is demonstrated on the canonical heavy fermion metal YbRh\(_{2}\)Si\(_{2}\). Thermometry is provided by a fast current sensing noise thermometer. This single thermometer enables us to cover a wide temperature range of interest from 175 µK to 90 mK with temperature-independent relative precision. Temperatures are tied to the international temperature scale with a single-point calibration. A superconducting solenoid surrounding the cell provides the sample field for tuning its properties and operates a superconducting heat switch. Both adiabatic and relaxation calorimetry techniques, as well as magnetic field sweeps, are employed. The design of the calorimeter results in an addendum heat capacity which is negligible for the study reported. The keys to sample and thermometer thermalisation are the lack of dissipation in the temperature measurement and the steps taken to reduce the parasitic heat leak into the cell to the tens of fW level.

Abstract Image

利用噪声测温法精确测量小型金属样品的热量
我们描述了一种紧凑型热量计,它可以在中等磁场中对小型金属晶体进行超低温热容量研究。我们在典型的重费米子金属 YbRh\(_{2}\)Si\(_{2}\) 上演示了它的性能。温度测量由快速电流感应噪声温度计提供。这种单一的温度计使我们能够覆盖从 175 µK 到 90 mK 的宽温度范围,并且具有与温度无关的相对精度。通过单点校准,温度与国际温标保持一致。围绕样品池的超导螺线管可提供用于调整其特性的样品场,并可操作超导热开关。采用了绝热和弛豫量热技术以及磁场扫描技术。量热计的设计导致了热容量的增加,而在所报告的研究中,热容量是可以忽略不计的。样品和温度计热化的关键在于温度测量中缺乏耗散,以及采取措施将漏入电池的寄生热量降低到几十 fW 的水平。
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来源期刊
Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Journal of Low Temperature Physics 物理-物理:凝聚态物理
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
25.00%
发文量
245
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Low Temperature Physics publishes original papers and review articles on all areas of low temperature physics and cryogenics, including theoretical and experimental contributions. Subject areas include: Quantum solids, liquids and gases; Superfluidity; Superconductivity; Condensed matter physics; Experimental techniques; The Journal encourages the submission of Rapid Communications and Special Issues.
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