{"title":"Highly Stable Anode-free Sodium Batteries Enabled by Mechanically Deformable Nucleation Interface","authors":"Weimin Jiao, Shervin Alaei, Jayanth Ramamurthy, Mihir Ojha, Bella Guyll, Cary L. Pint","doi":"10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103784","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFNMBs) with zero excess sodium offer superior energy density, lower cell cost, and design practicality for next-generation EVs and other applications. However, reaching consistent high Coulombic efficiency (CE) greater than 99.9% remains a challenge for this battery architecture. In this study, our findings support that using a soft Li metal interface under a current collector coated with a thin carbon black nucleation layer facilitates extremely stable nucleation and growth of Na metal by locally distributing pressure to mitigate SEI or dead sodium formation. Specifically, our findings demonstrate Na half cells with stable CE of 99.98% over 500 cycles at 0.5 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. Further, zero-excess sodium full cell AFNMBs with Na<sub>3</sub>V<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub> cathodes exhibit total first cycle formation loss of only 5.4% at C/10 rates, which is over two times lower than commercial Li-ion cells, with capacity retention of 97.4% after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> (∼ C/3) and average round-trip energy efficiency of 99.97%.</p>","PeriodicalId":306,"journal":{"name":"Energy Storage Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":18.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Energy Storage Materials","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2024.103784","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Anode-free sodium metal batteries (AFNMBs) with zero excess sodium offer superior energy density, lower cell cost, and design practicality for next-generation EVs and other applications. However, reaching consistent high Coulombic efficiency (CE) greater than 99.9% remains a challenge for this battery architecture. In this study, our findings support that using a soft Li metal interface under a current collector coated with a thin carbon black nucleation layer facilitates extremely stable nucleation and growth of Na metal by locally distributing pressure to mitigate SEI or dead sodium formation. Specifically, our findings demonstrate Na half cells with stable CE of 99.98% over 500 cycles at 0.5 mA/cm2. Further, zero-excess sodium full cell AFNMBs with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathodes exhibit total first cycle formation loss of only 5.4% at C/10 rates, which is over two times lower than commercial Li-ion cells, with capacity retention of 97.4% after 100 cycles at 0.5 mA cm-2 (∼ C/3) and average round-trip energy efficiency of 99.97%.
期刊介绍:
Energy Storage Materials is a global interdisciplinary journal dedicated to sharing scientific and technological advancements in materials and devices for advanced energy storage and related energy conversion, such as in metal-O2 batteries. The journal features comprehensive research articles, including full papers and short communications, as well as authoritative feature articles and reviews by leading experts in the field.
Energy Storage Materials covers a wide range of topics, including the synthesis, fabrication, structure, properties, performance, and technological applications of energy storage materials. Additionally, the journal explores strategies, policies, and developments in the field of energy storage materials and devices for sustainable energy.
Published papers are selected based on their scientific and technological significance, their ability to provide valuable new knowledge, and their relevance to the international research community.