Novel utilization exploration for the dephosphorization waste of Ca–modified biochar: enhanced removal of heavy metal ions from water

IF 13.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Biochar Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1007/s42773-024-00373-8

Weilin Fu, Mengmeng Li, Hongan Chen, Jianhua Qu, Lisheng Zhang, Shangkai Qiu, Menghan Feng, Mingyao Yuan, Changbin Guo, Jien Zhou, Zhaolin Du, Feng Wang

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Abstract

Phosphorus-modified biochar has been proven to enhance the precipitation and complexation of heavy metal ions from wastewater. However, the current modification methods require large amounts of exogenous P and have high energy consumption. Hence, this study proposes and analyzes a strategy integrating biochar production, phosphorus wastewater treatment, dephosphorization waste recovery, and heavy metal removal. “BC-Ca-P” was derived from Ca-modified biochar after phosphorus wastewater treatment. The adsorption of Pb(II) by BC-Ca-P followed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo–second–order kinetic models. The maximum adsorption capability of 361.20 mg·g⁻¹ at pH 5.0 for 2 h was markedly greater than that of external phosphorous-modified biochar. The adsorption mechanisms were dominated by chemical precipitation and complexation. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations indicated that oxygen-containing functional groups (P-O and C-O) contributed the most to the efficient adsorption of Pb(II) onto BC-Ca-P. To explore its practical feasibility, the adsorption performance of BC-Ca-P recovered from an actual environment was evaluated. The continuous-flow adsorption behavior was investigated and well-fitted utilizing the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models. There was a negligible P leakage risk of BC-Ca-P during heavy metal treatment. This study describes a novel and sustainable method to utilize dephosphorization waste for heavy metal removal.

Graphical Abstract

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钙改性生物炭脱磷废料的新型利用探索：提高去除水中重金属离子的能力

磷改性生物炭已被证明可增强废水中重金属离子的沉淀和络合。然而，目前的改性方法需要大量的外源磷，且能耗较高。因此，本研究提出并分析了一种集生物炭生产、含磷废水处理、脱磷废物回收和重金属去除于一体的策略。"BC-Ca-P "来源于磷废水处理后的 Ca 改性生物炭。BC-Ca-P 对铅（II）的吸附遵循 Langmuir 等温线和伪二阶动力学模型。在 pH 值为 5.0 的条件下，吸附 2 小时后的最大吸附量为 361.20 mg-g-1，明显高于外加磷改性生物炭的吸附量。吸附机理以化学沉淀和络合为主。此外，密度泛函理论计算表明，含氧官能团（P-O 和 C-O）对 BC-Ca-P 有效吸附铅（II）的贡献最大。为了探索其实际可行性，我们评估了从实际环境中回收的 BC-Ca-P 的吸附性能。研究了连续流吸附行为，并利用托马斯和尹-尼尔森模型对其进行了很好的拟合。在重金属处理过程中，BC-Ca-P 的 P 泄漏风险可忽略不计。本研究介绍了一种利用脱磷废料去除重金属的新型可持续方法。

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来源期刊

Biochar Multiple-

CiteScore

18.60

自引率

10.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： Biochar stands as a distinguished academic journal delving into multidisciplinary subjects such as agronomy, environmental science, and materials science. Its pages showcase innovative articles spanning the preparation and processing of biochar, exploring its diverse applications, including but not limited to bioenergy production, biochar-based materials for environmental use, soil enhancement, climate change mitigation, contaminated-environment remediation, water purification, new analytical techniques, life cycle assessment, and crucially, rural and regional development. Biochar publishes various article types, including reviews, original research, rapid reports, commentaries, and perspectives, with the overarching goal of reporting significant research achievements, critical reviews fostering a deeper mechanistic understanding of the science, and facilitating academic exchange to drive scientific and technological development.