Dairy and Exercise for Bone Health: Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials and Recommendations for Future Research

IF 4.2 2区医学 Q1 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current Osteoporosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI:10.1007/s11914-024-00882-2

Nicholas Cheng, Andrea R. Josse

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

To examine evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on how modifiable factors such as exercise and nutrition, with a focus on dairy products, play a role in improving bone health across the lifespan.

Recent Findings

Meta-analyses of RCTs demonstrate the advantages of consuming dairy products to improve bone mineral density/content (BMD/BMC) and markers of bone metabolism and turnover (BTMs). Eighteen RCTs were conducted investigating the combined effects of dairy and exercise, with most indicating a benefit in youth and adult populations. Results were less conclusive in older adults, perhaps due to altered requirements for dairy/nutrients and exercise with increased age.

Summary

RCTs demonstrate that dairy product consumption alone benefits bone health and can enhance the effects of exercise on bone. This may help improve skeletal growth and development in adolescence and prevent osteoporosis with increased age. Future RCTs should account for habitual nutrient intakes, and dairy dosage, timing, and matrix effects.

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乳制品和运动促进骨骼健康：随机对照试验的证据和未来研究建议

综述目的研究随机对照试验（RCTs）中的证据，以乳制品为重点，探讨运动和营养等可改变的因素如何在改善整个生命周期的骨骼健康方面发挥作用。最新研究结果对 RCTs 的元分析表明，食用乳制品具有改善骨矿物质密度/含量（BMD/BMC）以及骨代谢和骨转换指标（BTMs）的优势。有 18 项研究对乳制品和运动的综合效果进行了调查，其中大多数研究表明，乳制品对青少年和成年人有益。对老年人的研究结果则不太确定，这可能是由于随着年龄的增长，对乳制品/营养素和运动的需求发生了变化。小结研究表明，单独食用乳制品有益于骨骼健康，并能增强运动对骨骼的影响。这可能有助于改善青少年时期的骨骼生长和发育，并预防随着年龄增长而出现的骨质疏松症。未来的研究性试验应考虑到习惯性营养摄入、乳制品的剂量、时间和基质效应。

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来源期刊

Current Osteoporosis Reports Medicine-Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

CiteScore

8.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： This journal intends to provide clear, insightful, balanced contributions by international experts that review the most important, recently published clinical findings related to the diagnosis, treatment, management, and prevention of osteoporosis. We accomplish this aim by appointing international authorities to serve as Section Editors in key subject areas, such as current and future therapeutics, epidemiology and pathophysiology, and evaluation and management. Section Editors, in turn, select topics for which leading experts contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, highlighted by annotated reference lists. An international Editorial Board reviews the annual table of contents, suggests articles of special interest to their country/region, and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research. Commentaries from well-known figures in the field are also provided.