Revolutionizing Cancer Treatments through Stem Cell-Derived CAR T Cells for Immunotherapy: Opening New Horizons for the Future of Oncology

IF 5.1 2区生物学 Q2 CELL BIOLOGY

Cells Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI:10.3390/cells13181516

Hemant K. Mishra, Alex Kalyuzhny

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Abstract

Recent advances in cellular therapies have paved the way for innovative treatments of various cancers and autoimmune disorders. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a remarkable breakthrough, offering the potential to generate patient-specific cell types for personalized as well as allogeneic therapies. This review explores the application of iPSC-derived chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, a cutting-edge approach in allogeneic cancer immunotherapies. CAR T cells are genetically engineered immune cells designed to target specific tumor antigens, and their integration with iPSC technology holds immense promise for enhancing the efficacy, safety, and scalability of cellular therapies. This review begins by elucidating the principles behind iPSC generation and differentiation into T cells, highlighting the advantage of iPSCs in providing a uniform, inexhaustible source of CAR T cells. Additionally, we discuss the genetic modification of iPSC-derived T cells to express various CARs, emphasizing the precision and flexibility this affords in designing customized therapies for a diverse range of malignancies. Notably, iPSC-derived CAR T cells demonstrate a superior proliferative capacity, persistence, and anti-tumor activity compared to their conventionally derived counterparts, offering a potential solution to challenges associated with conventional CAR T cell therapies. In conclusion, iPSC-derived CAR T cells represent a groundbreaking advancement in cellular therapies, demonstrating unparalleled potential in revolutionizing the landscape of immunotherapies. As this technology continues to evolve, it holds the promise of providing safer, more effective, and widely accessible treatment options for patients battling cancer and other immune-related disorders. This review aims to shed light on the transformative potential of iPSC-derived CAR T cells and inspire further research and development in this dynamic field.

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通过干细胞衍生的 CAR T 细胞免疫疗法革新癌症治疗：为肿瘤学的未来开辟新天地

细胞疗法的最新进展为各种癌症和自身免疫性疾病的创新治疗铺平了道路。诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）是一项重大突破，为个性化和异体疗法提供了生成患者特异性细胞类型的潜力。这篇综述探讨了 iPSC 衍生的嵌合抗原受体（CAR）T 细胞的应用，这是异体癌症免疫疗法的前沿方法。CAR T 细胞是经过基因工程改造的免疫细胞，旨在靶向特定肿瘤抗原，将其与 iPSC 技术相结合，有望提高细胞疗法的疗效、安全性和可扩展性。本综述首先阐明了 iPSC 生成和分化为 T 细胞的原理，强调了 iPSC 在提供统一、取之不尽的 CAR T 细胞来源方面的优势。此外，我们还讨论了对 iPSC 衍生的 T 细胞进行基因修饰以表达各种 CAR 的方法，强调了这种方法在设计针对各种恶性肿瘤的定制疗法方面所具有的精确性和灵活性。值得注意的是，与传统疗法相比，iPSC 衍生的 CAR T 细胞具有更强的增殖能力、持久性和抗肿瘤活性，为解决传统 CAR T 细胞疗法所面临的挑战提供了一种潜在的解决方案。总之，iPSC 衍生 CAR T 细胞代表了细胞疗法的突破性进展，在彻底改变免疫疗法的格局方面展现出无与伦比的潜力。随着这项技术的不断发展，它有望为癌症和其他免疫相关疾病患者提供更安全、更有效、更广泛的治疗选择。本综述旨在阐明 iPSC 衍生 CAR T 细胞的变革潜力，并激励这一充满活力的领域的进一步研究和发展。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cells Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology-Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

5.00%

发文量

3472

审稿时长

16 days

期刊介绍： Cells (ISSN 2073-4409) is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal which provides an advanced forum for studies related to cell biology, molecular biology and biophysics. It publishes reviews, research articles, communications and technical notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. Full experimental and/or methodical details must be provided.

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