Effects of four potent entomopathogenic fungal isolates on the survival and performance of Telenomus remus, an egg parasitoid of fall armyworm

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1445156

Junitor Chepkemoi, Ken Okwae Fening, Felicitas Chaba Ambele, Joseph Munywoki, Komivi Senyo Akutse

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda is a generalist pest known to feed on more than 300 plant species, including major staple crops such as rice, maize and sorghum. Biological control of FAW using a combination of a major indigenous egg parasitoid Telenomus remus and entomopathogenic fungi was explored in this study. Metarhizium anisopliae strains (ICIPE 7, ICIPE 41, and ICIPE 78) and Beauveria bassiana ICIPE 621 which demonstrated effectiveness to combat the pest, were evaluated through direct and indirect fungal infection to assess their pathogenicity and virulence against T. remus adults, S. frugiperda eggs and their effects on T. remus parasitism rates. Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 7 and ICIPE 78 exhibited the highest virulence against T. remus adults with LT50 values >2 days. ICIPE 7 induced the highest T. remus mortality rate (81.40 ± 4.17%) following direct infection with dry conidia. Direct fungal infection also had a significant impact on parasitoid emergence, with the highest emergence rate recorded in the M. anisopliae ICIPE 7 treatment (42.50 ± 5.55%), compared to the control ± (83.25 ± 5.94%). In the indirect infection, the highest concentration of 1 x 109 conidia ml-1 of ICIPE 78 induced the highest mortality (100 ± 0.00%) of T. remus adults, and the highest mortality (51.25%) of FAW eggs, whereas the least FAW egg mortality (15.25%) was recorded in the lowest concentration 1 x 105 conidia ml-1 of ICIPE 41. The number of parasitoids that emerged and their sex ratios were not affected by the different fungal strain concentrations except in ICIPE 7 at high dose. This study showed that potential combination of both M. anisopliae and B. bassiana with T. remus parasitoid can effectively suppress FAW populations.

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四种强效昆虫病原真菌分离物对寄生于秋季军团虫卵的 Telenomus remus 的存活和性能的影响

秋虫（Spodoptera frugiperda）是一种通性害虫，以 300 多种植物为食，包括水稻、玉米和高粱等主要作物。本研究探索了利用当地主要的卵寄生虫 Telenomus remus 和昆虫病原真菌的组合来生物防治蚜虫。通过直接和间接的真菌感染，评估了Metarhizium anisopliae菌株（ICIPE 7、ICIPE 41和ICIPE 78）和Beauveria bassiana ICIPE 621在防治害虫方面的有效性，以评估它们对T. remus成虫、S. frugiperda卵的致病性和毒力，以及它们对T. remus寄生率的影响。Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 7和ICIPE 78对雷姆蝇成虫的毒力最强，LT50值为>2天。干分生孢子直接感染后，ICIPE 7 诱导的雷姆绦虫死亡率最高（81.40 ± 4.17%）。直接真菌感染对寄生虫的出现也有显著影响，与对照±（83.25 ± 5.94%）相比，M. anisopliae ICIPE 7 处理的出现率最高（42.50 ± 5.55%）。在间接感染中，最高浓度为 1 x 109 分生孢子 ml-1 的 ICIPE 78 诱导了最高的雷莫氏菌成虫死亡率（100 ± 0.00%）和最高的一窝蜂卵死亡率（51.25%），而最低浓度为 1 x 105 分生孢子 ml-1 的 ICIPE 41 诱导的一窝蜂卵死亡率最低（15.25%）。除了高剂量的 ICIPE 7 外，不同真菌菌株浓度对寄生虫的数量和性别比例均无影响。这项研究表明，M. anisopliae 和 B. bassiana 与 T. remus 寄生虫的潜在组合可有效抑制 FAW 的数量。

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来源期刊

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology IMMUNOLOGY-MICROBIOLOGY

CiteScore

7.90

自引率

7.00%

发文量

1817

审稿时长

14 weeks

期刊介绍： Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology is a leading specialty journal, publishing rigorously peer-reviewed research across all pathogenic microorganisms and their interaction with their hosts. Chief Editor Yousef Abu Kwaik, University of Louisville is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international experts. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology includes research on bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses, endosymbionts, prions and all microbial pathogens as well as the microbiota and its effect on health and disease in various hosts. The research approaches include molecular microbiology, cellular microbiology, gene regulation, proteomics, signal transduction, pathogenic evolution, genomics, structural biology, and virulence factors as well as model hosts. Areas of research to counteract infectious agents by the host include the host innate and adaptive immune responses as well as metabolic restrictions to various pathogenic microorganisms, vaccine design and development against various pathogenic microorganisms, and the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and its countermeasures.