A simple and rapid batch injection analysis method with amperometric detection for determination of azithromycin in pharmaceutical tablets

IF 2.4 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Ionics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1007/s11581-024-05790-0

Lizandra N. Castro, Carlos E. C. Lopes, Domingos R. Santos-Neto, Luiz Ricardo G. Silva, Auro A. Tanaka, Luiza M. F. Dantas, Iranaldo S. da Silva

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Abstract

Azithromycin (AZI) is a macrolide antibiotic that presents highly bactericidal or bacteriostatic action and is extensively used worldwide. However, in excess it can cause severe side effects, while AZI residues can significantly harm both humans and the environment. In this study, a method was developed for AZI determination using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a suspension of Super P carbon black and Nafion®, together with a fully 3D-printed batch injection analysis (BIA) device. For AZI detection, a potential of + 0.95 V was selected and the optimal BIA parameters were an injection volume of 100 µL and a dispensing rate of 200 µL s⁻¹. The method exhibited a linear range from 1.00 to 150 µmol L⁻¹ and a detection limit of 0.045 µmol L⁻¹. Repeatability and reproducibility tests demonstrated the robustness of the sensor, which could be used for multiple sequential analyses over several days. The developed method was applied to pharmaceutical samples, with the results confirming its viability for analyses of these matrices.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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用安培检测法测定药用片剂中阿奇霉素的简单快速批次注射分析法

阿奇霉素（AZI）是一种大环内酯类抗生素，具有很强的杀菌或抑菌作用，在世界各地被广泛使用。然而，过量使用会产生严重的副作用，而 AZI 的残留物则会对人类和环境造成严重危害。在这项研究中，我们开发了一种测定 AZI 的方法，该方法使用了一种用 Super P 炭黑和 Nafion® 悬浮液改性的玻璃碳电极，以及一种全 3D 打印的批次注射分析（BIA）装置。检测 AZI 时，选择的电位为 + 0.95 V，最佳 BIA 参数为 100 µL 的进样量和 200 µL s-1 的分配速率。该方法的线性范围为 1.00 至 150 µmol L-1，检测限为 0.045 µmol L-1。重复性和再现性测试证明了传感器的稳健性，可在数天内进行多次连续分析。所开发的方法被应用于药物样品，结果证实了它在这些基质分析中的可行性。

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来源期刊

Ionics 化学-电化学

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

7.10%

发文量

427

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Ionics is publishing original results in the fields of science and technology of ionic motion. This includes theoretical, experimental and practical work on electrolytes, electrode, ionic/electronic interfaces, ionic transport aspects of corrosion, galvanic cells, e.g. for thermodynamic and kinetic studies, batteries, fuel cells, sensors and electrochromics. Fast solid ionic conductors are presently providing new opportunities in view of several advantages, in addition to conventional liquid electrolytes.