ML-CASCADE: A machine learning and cloud computing-based tool for rapid and automated mapping of landslides using earth observation data

IF 5.8 2区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, GEOLOGICAL
Nirdesh Sharma, Manabendra Saharia
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Abstract

Landslides pose a significant threat to humans as well as the environment. Rapid and precise mapping of landslide extent is necessary for understanding their spatial distribution, assessing susceptibility, and developing early warning systems. Traditional landslide mapping methods rely on labor-intensive field studies and manual mapping using high-resolution imagery, which are both costly and time-consuming. While existing machine learning-based automated mapping methods exist, they have limited transferability due to low availability of training data and the inability to handle out-of-distribution scenarios. This study introduces ML-CASCADE, a user-friendly open-source tool designed for real-time landslide mapping. It is a semi-automated tool that requires the user to create landslide and non-landslide samples using pre- and post-landslide Sentinel-2 imagery to train a machine learning model. The model training features include Sentinel-2 data, terrain data, vegetation indices, and bare soil index. ML-CASCADE is developed as an easy-to-use application on top of Google Earth Engine and supports both pixel and object-based classification methods. We validate the landslide extent developed using ML-CASCADE with independent expert-developed inventories. ML-CASCADE is not only able to identify the landslide extent accurately but can also map a complex cluster of landslides within 5 min and a simple landslide within 2 min. Due to its ease of use, speed, and accuracy, ML-CASCADE will serve as a critical operational asset for landslide risk management.

Abstract Image

ML-CASCADE:利用地球观测数据快速自动绘制滑坡地图的机器学习和云计算工具
山体滑坡对人类和环境都构成了重大威胁。要了解滑坡的空间分布、评估易发性和开发预警系统,就必须对滑坡范围进行快速、精确的测绘。传统的滑坡绘图方法依赖于劳动密集型的实地研究和使用高分辨率图像的人工绘图,既昂贵又耗时。虽然现有的基于机器学习的自动绘图方法已经存在,但由于训练数据的可用性较低以及无法处理分布外场景,这些方法的可移植性有限。本研究介绍了 ML-CASCADE,这是一种用户友好型开源工具,设计用于实时滑坡绘图。它是一种半自动化工具,要求用户使用滑坡前和滑坡后的 Sentinel-2 图像创建滑坡和非滑坡样本,以训练机器学习模型。模型训练功能包括哨兵-2 数据、地形数据、植被指数和裸土指数。ML-CASCADE 是在谷歌地球引擎上开发的一个易于使用的应用程序,支持基于像素和对象的分类方法。我们利用独立专家开发的清单验证了使用 ML-CASCADE 开发的滑坡范围。ML-CASCADE 不仅能准确识别滑坡范围,还能在 5 分钟内绘制复杂的滑坡群,在 2 分钟内绘制简单的滑坡。由于 ML-CASCADE 易于使用、速度快、精度高,它将成为滑坡风险管理的重要业务资产。
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来源期刊
Landslides
Landslides 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
13.60
自引率
14.90%
发文量
191
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Landslides are gravitational mass movements of rock, debris or earth. They may occur in conjunction with other major natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Expanding urbanization and changing land-use practices have increased the incidence of landslide disasters. Landslides as catastrophic events include human injury, loss of life and economic devastation and are studied as part of the fields of earth, water and engineering sciences. The aim of the journal Landslides is to be the common platform for the publication of integrated research on landslide processes, hazards, risk analysis, mitigation, and the protection of our cultural heritage and the environment. The journal publishes research papers, news of recent landslide events and information on the activities of the International Consortium on Landslides. - Landslide dynamics, mechanisms and processes - Landslide risk evaluation: hazard assessment, hazard mapping, and vulnerability assessment - Geological, Geotechnical, Hydrological and Geophysical modeling - Effects of meteorological, hydrological and global climatic change factors - Monitoring including remote sensing and other non-invasive systems - New technology, expert and intelligent systems - Application of GIS techniques - Rock slides, rock falls, debris flows, earth flows, and lateral spreads - Large-scale landslides, lahars and pyroclastic flows in volcanic zones - Marine and reservoir related landslides - Landslide related tsunamis and seiches - Landslide disasters in urban areas and along critical infrastructure - Landslides and natural resources - Land development and land-use practices - Landslide remedial measures / prevention works - Temporal and spatial prediction of landslides - Early warning and evacuation - Global landslide database
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