A randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a brief Triple P discussion group to increase healthy feeding practices and reduce risk factors for infant obesity

Abstract

Objective Test the efficacy of a brief 2-hr parenting intervention in increasing protective factors against and reducing risk factors for infant obesity. Method A 2 (Baby Healthy Living Triple P vs. care-as-usual) × 3 (baseline, postintervention, 6-month follow-up) design was used. Eighty-two parents of 4- to 18-month-old infants meeting at least two risk factors for early childhood obesity (e.g., parent/child overweight, low education level) were randomized to intervention (n = 42) or control group (n = 40). Parents questionnaires and child weight status was measured. Results Results showed an intervention effect on a primary outcome, early feeding practices (restrictive: d = 0.44, 95% CI [−0.01,0.88], pressuring: d = 0.11, 95% CI [−0.32,0.54], nonresponsive behaviors: (d = 0.32, 95% CI [−0.11,0.75]), and on a secondary outcome, feeding beliefs (d = 0.29, 95% CI [−0.14,0.73]). No beneficial impact was found on other primary outcomes (responsiveness in feeding: quantity d = 0.50, 95% CI [−0.03,1.03]) and nutritive d = 0.52, 95% CI [−0.03,1.07], mealtime environment: d = 0.35, 95% CI [−0.78,0.08], self-efficacy in responsive feeding: d = 0.21, 95% CI [−0.22,0.64]), or secondary outcomes (parental self-efficacy: d = 0.08, 95% CI [−0.50,0.35]), parent emotional eating (d = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.43,0.43]), food restraint (d = 0.42, 95% CI [−0.85,0.02]), and body satisfaction (d = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.43,0.43]) and child weight status (d = 0.11, 95% CI [−0.54,0.32]). Conclusions Promising though limited support was demonstrated for a brief, low-intensity program to help parents in the prevention of obesity for infants at risk.