Additive inclusion in plastic life cycle assessments, part II: Review of additive inventory data trends and availability

IF 4.9 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
H. Logan, S. DeMeester, T. F. Astrup, A. Damgaard
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Abstract

Plastic additives are as essential as polymers to the production and performance of plastic materials. Additive content can vary in composition and functionality depending on the product, producer, application, and production method. Such variation may be a barrier to achieving high‐quality recycling and planning for plastic circular economy futures. Yet, as found in Part I, although there is increasing awareness of the importance of additives in plastics, they are often poorly disclosed or only briefly discussed in life cycle assessments (LCAs). In part II, we focus on the inclusion of additives in plastic processes in the database most used in plastic LCAs to date (Ecoinvent) and find that additives have historically been omitted from plastic granulate data and in production processes in the evaluated database. Thus, many practitioners will need to separately include additives in their models of plastic life cycles. To support practitioners in this endeavor, we then assess the availability of the 13,587 additives identified in the recent UN Chemicals in Plastics Report across the three major LCI databases (CarbonMinds, Ecoinvent, and LCA for Experts [GaBi]). We find that databases currently cover only 1,209 of these additives. Moreover, we assert that transparency regarding additive inclusion in plastics datasets, availability of additive datasets, and additive data completeness are major barriers to additive inclusion in plastic LCAs. Thus, we recommend focusing on the development of additive datasets, and we provide a tool for the identification of additive dataset availability and data gaps to improve the quality of plastic LCAs.
将添加剂纳入塑料生命周期评估,第二部分:审查添加剂清单数据的趋势和可用性
塑料添加剂与聚合物一样,对塑料材料的生产和性能至关重要。根据产品、生产商、应用和生产方法的不同,添加剂的成分和功能也会有所不同。这种差异可能成为实现高质量回收利用和规划塑料循环经济未来的障碍。然而,正如第一部分所述,尽管人们越来越意识到塑料中添加剂的重要性,但在生命周期评估(LCAs)中,这些添加剂的披露程度往往很低,或仅作简要讨论。在第二部分中,我们重点讨论了迄今为止在塑料生命周期评估中使用最多的数据库(Ecoinvent)中是否包含了塑料加工过程中的添加剂,并发现添加剂在塑料颗粒数据和评估数据库中的生产过程中一直被忽略。因此,许多从业人员需要将添加剂单独纳入其塑料生命周期模型中。为了支持从业人员开展这项工作,我们随后评估了三大 LCI 数据库(CarbonMinds、Ecoinvent 和 LCA for Experts [GaBi])中最近的《联合国塑料中的化学品报告》中确定的 13,587 种添加剂的可用性。我们发现,这些数据库目前仅涵盖了其中的 1209 种添加剂。此外,我们认为,塑料数据集中添加剂的透明度、添加剂数据集的可用性以及添加剂数据的完整性是塑料 LCA 中添加剂的主要障碍。因此,我们建议将重点放在添加剂数据集的开发上,并提供了一种工具,用于确定添加剂数据集的可用性和数据缺口,以提高塑料生命周期评估的质量。
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来源期刊
Journal of Industrial Ecology
Journal of Industrial Ecology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.60
自引率
8.50%
发文量
117
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Industrial Ecology addresses a series of related topics: material and energy flows studies (''industrial metabolism'') technological change dematerialization and decarbonization life cycle planning, design and assessment design for the environment extended producer responsibility (''product stewardship'') eco-industrial parks (''industrial symbiosis'') product-oriented environmental policy eco-efficiency Journal of Industrial Ecology is open to and encourages submissions that are interdisciplinary in approach. In addition to more formal academic papers, the journal seeks to provide a forum for continuing exchange of information and opinions through contributions from scholars, environmental managers, policymakers, advocates and others involved in environmental science, management and policy.
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