Enhancing Soil Carbon Sequestration with C-Rich Carrier Materials from Spent Mushroom Substrate and Composted Wheat Straw: Implications for Smart Fertilizer Design

IF 3.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Marcela Calabi-Floody, Jorge Medina, Alan E. Richardson, María Javiera Guarda-Reyes, Pamela Villegas-Pizarro, Isidora Zirotti-Lecaros, Lizeth Mora-Pérez, Humberto Aponte, Heike Knicker, Cornelia Rumpel, María de la Luz Mora
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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of two carbon (C)-rich carrier materials derived from agricultural residues, spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and composted wheat straw (CWS) for enhancing soil carbon stabilization in an Andisol, with a view towards their future application in smart fertilizer design. We investigated how their contrasting nitrogen contents and application rates affect soil organic carbon dynamics and contribute to sustainable soil management and climate change mitigation. Soil incubations were conducted over 365 days, during which C mineralization, enzymatic activities, and C and N sequestration were assessed. SMS addition at both low and high rates (0.5% and 1% soil C increase, respectively) enhanced soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization, increasing mean residence times (40.6 and 48.8 years) and half-life times (28.1 and 33.8 years) of the stable C pool compared to unamended soil (35.9 and 24.9 years). High-rate CWS application (1% soil C increase) promoted native SOC decomposition, increasing C losses (5.8%) and reducing C sequestration potential (96%). However, low-rate CWS application (0.5% soil C increase) showed promise, increasing mean residence time (46.8 years) and half-life time (32.4 years) of the stable C pool. Spearman correlations revealed positive associations between electrical conductivity, total N, humification indices, and C stabilization parameters, highlighting the importance of nutrient availability and humification potential for C stabilization. Incorporating C-rich carrier materials with balanced nutrient content, such as SMS, can enhance soil C stabilization and support climate-smart agriculture goals. Low-rate CWS application also shows potential as an alternative C-rich carrier material. However, careful consideration of application rates and material properties is crucial to avoid adverse effects on native SOC mineralization.

Abstract Image

利用废蘑菇基质和堆肥小麦秸秆中的富碳载体材料提高土壤固碳能力:对智能肥料设计的启示
本研究旨在评估从农业残留物中提取的两种富碳(C)载体材料--废蘑菇基质(SMS)和堆肥小麦秸秆(CWS)--在提高安地索尔土壤碳稳定性方面的潜力,以期将来将其应用于智能肥料设计中。我们研究了它们不同的氮含量和施用率如何影响土壤有机碳的动态变化,以及如何促进可持续土壤管理和减缓气候变化。我们对土壤进行了为期 365 天的培养,在此期间对碳矿化、酶活性、碳和氮的固存进行了评估。SMS 的低添加率和高添加率(分别为土壤碳增加量的 0.5%和 1%)都增强了土壤有机碳(SOC)的稳定性,与未添加的土壤(35.9 年和 24.9 年)相比,稳定碳库的平均停留时间(40.6 年和 48.8 年)和半衰期(28.1 年和 33.8 年)都有所延长。施用高浓度 CWS(土壤 C 增加 1%)会促进原生 SOC 分解,增加 C 损失(5.8%),降低 C 固碳潜力(96%)。然而,低速率施用 CWS(土壤碳增加量为 0.5%)显示了前景,增加了稳定碳库的平均停留时间(46.8 年)和半衰期(32.4 年)。斯皮尔曼相关性表明,电导率、全氮、腐殖化指数和碳稳定参数之间存在正相关,突出了养分供应和腐殖化潜力对碳稳定的重要性。掺入养分含量均衡、富含 C 的载体材料(如 SMS)可提高土壤 C 稳定性,支持气候智能型农业目标。低施用量的 CWS 也显示出作为富碳载体材料替代品的潜力。不过,仔细考虑施用率和材料特性对于避免对本地 SOC 矿化产生不利影响至关重要。
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来源期刊
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
10.30%
发文量
331
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science. Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration. Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies. Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome. The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.
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