Bioactive Compound Production in Yerba Mate Clones with Increasing Nitrogen in Semi-Hydroponic System

IF 3.4 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Jéssica de Cássia Tomasi, Natalia Saudade de Aguiar, Manoela Mendes Duarte, Mônica Moreno Gabira, Leandro Marcolino Vieira, Volnei Pauletti, Luziane Franciscon, Cristiane Vieira Helm, Cicero Deschamps, Ivar Wendling
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

AbstractSection Purpose

Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) can provide many valuable phytochemicals such as methylxanthines, caffeine and theobromine, and caffeoylquinic acids (CQA or CGA– chlorogenic acids). It is necessary to establish cultivation protocols to meet the demand for raw materials with specific phytochemical profiles.

AbstractSection Methods

In this study, we analyzed the content and yield of bioactive compounds in leaves of two yerba mate clones submitted to increasing concentrations of nitrogen for two years in a semi-hydroponic cultivation system. The leaves were classified as young or mature and ground after drying in a microwave. The aqueous extracts were analyzed using an Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatograph (UFLC). The yield was calculated by multiplying compound contents by the leaf dry mass.

AbstractSection Results

Young leaves had higher contents of all compounds than mature leaves. Clone EC40 showed higher contents of caffeine, 4-CQA, and 5-CQA, and this genotype showed a higher yield of all compounds, except for theobromine, when compared to EC22. Increasing nitrogen concentration increased methylxanthines contents; however, the yield of compounds decreased with higher N concentration due to reduced leaf mass production. At the concentration of maximum productivity, 206 mg L-1 of N, the compound yield reached up to 21 g m-2 year-1 of caffeine, and 126 g m-2 year-1 of CQAs in clone EC40.

AbstractSection Conclusion

These results demonstrate that the proposed cultivation system is viable, especially with the industrial purpose of extracting yerba mate bioactive compounds. The increase of N in this system does not favor the productivity of bioactive compounds, as it reduces leaf production. The most viable way to suit the desired level of these bioactive compounds in yerba mate leaves seems to be by selecting leaves and clones.

Abstract Image

半水培系统中随着氮含量增加而生产的耶巴马黛茶克隆生物活性化合物
摘要 目的 耶尔巴马黛茶(Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.)可提供许多有价值的植物化学物质,如甲基黄嘌呤、咖啡因、可可碱和咖啡酰奎宁酸(CQA或CGA-绿原酸)。有必要制定栽培规程,以满足对具有特定植物化学成分的原材料的需求。 在本研究中,我们分析了在半水培栽培系统中,在氮浓度不断增加的条件下栽培两年的两种耶巴马黛茶克隆叶片中生物活性化合物的含量和产量。叶片分为嫩叶和成熟叶,在微波炉中烘干后进行研磨。水提取物使用超快速液相色谱仪(UFLC)进行分析。将化合物含量乘以叶片干重计算产量。克隆 EC40 的咖啡因、4-CQA 和 5-CQA 含量较高,与 EC22 相比,除可可碱外,该基因型的所有化合物产量均较高。氮浓度的增加提高了甲基黄嘌呤的含量;然而,由于叶片产量减少,化合物的产量随着氮浓度的增加而降低。当氮浓度达到最高生产率(206 毫克/升-1)时,克隆 EC40 的咖啡因产量达到 21 克/平方米-年-1,CQAs 产量达到 126 克/平方米-年-1。该系统中氮的增加不利于生物活性化合物的生产,因为氮的增加会降低叶片产量。要想在耶巴马黛茶叶中获得所需的生物活性化合物,最可行的方法似乎是选择叶片和克隆。
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来源期刊
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Soil Science
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
10.30%
发文量
331
审稿时长
9 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition is an international, peer reviewed journal devoted to publishing original research findings in the areas of soil science, plant nutrition, agriculture and environmental science. Soil sciences submissions may cover physics, chemistry, biology, microbiology, mineralogy, ecology, pedology, soil classification and amelioration. Plant nutrition and agriculture submissions may include plant production, physiology and metabolism of plants, plant ecology, diversity and sustainability of agricultural systems, organic and inorganic fertilization in relation to their impact on yields, quality of plants and ecological systems, and agroecosystems studies. Submissions covering soil degradation, environmental pollution, nature conservation, and environmental protection are also welcome. The journal considers for publication original research articles, technical notes, short communication, and reviews (both voluntary and by invitation), and letters to the editor.
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