Developing Vaccines in Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: Trials and Tribulations

IF 2.8 4区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Current oncology Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI:10.3390/curroncol31090361

Thuy Phan, Darrell Fan, Laleh G. Melstrom

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Abstract

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma represents one of the most challenging malignancies to treat, with dismal survival rates despite advances in therapeutic modalities. Immunotherapy, particularly vaccines, has emerged as a promising strategy to harness the body’s immune system in combating this aggressive cancer. This abstract reviews the trials and tribulations encountered in the development of vaccines targeting pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Key challenges include the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, the heterogeneity of tumor antigens, and a limited understanding of immune evasion mechanisms employed by pancreatic cancer cells. Various vaccine platforms, including peptide-based, dendritic cell-based, and viral vector-based vaccines, have been explored in preclinical and clinical settings. However, translating promising results from preclinical models to clinical efficacy has proven elusive. In recent years, mRNA vaccines have emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic strategy in the fight against various cancers, including pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We will discuss the potential applications, opportunities, and challenges associated with mRNA vaccines in pancreatic cancer treatment.

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开发胰腺腺癌疫苗：考验与磨难

胰腺腺癌是最难治疗的恶性肿瘤之一，尽管治疗方法不断进步，但患者的生存率却很低。免疫疗法，尤其是疫苗，已成为利用人体免疫系统对抗这种侵袭性癌症的一种有前途的策略。本摘要回顾了在开发针对胰腺腺癌的疫苗过程中遇到的考验和磨难。主要挑战包括免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境、肿瘤抗原的异质性以及对胰腺癌细胞采用的免疫逃避机制了解有限。临床前和临床环境中已经探索了多种疫苗平台，包括基于肽的疫苗、基于树突状细胞的疫苗和基于病毒载体的疫苗。然而，事实证明，将临床前模型的有希望的结果转化为临床疗效并不容易。近年来，mRNA 疫苗已成为抗击包括胰腺癌在内的各种癌症的一种前景广阔的免疫治疗策略。我们将讨论 mRNA 疫苗在胰腺癌治疗中的潜在应用、机遇和挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current oncology ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

7.70%

发文量

664

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Current Oncology is a peer-reviewed, Canadian-based and internationally respected journal. Current Oncology represents a multidisciplinary medium encompassing health care workers in the field of cancer therapy in Canada to report upon and to review progress in the management of this disease. We encourage submissions from all fields of cancer medicine, including radiation oncology, surgical oncology, medical oncology, pediatric oncology, pathology, and cancer rehabilitation and survivorship. Articles published in the journal typically contain information that is relevant directly to clinical oncology practice, and have clear potential for application to the current or future practice of cancer medicine.