Combined Effects of Local and Regional Drivers on Oyster Spat Density and Growth in Eastern Australia

IF 2.3 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Erin K. Wills, Christopher J. Henderson, Andrew D. Olds, Caitlin S. Willis, Ben L. Gilby
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Abstract

Up to 85% of shellfish reefs have been lost worldwide, resulting in declining ecosystem services, and increasing restoration demand. However, more information regarding the conditions which maximise oyster settlement and growth is required to optimise restoration. We deployed oyster settlement tiles at 21 intertidal sites throughout Moreton Bay, Australia; a region where > 96% of rock oyster reefs are lost and demand for restoration is high. We quantified effects of variables describing the spatial (from GIS), local habitat (using quadrats and water quality measures), and oyster predator (using underwater videography) characteristics of sites on oyster density and size on tiles. Oyster density was highest at sites with intermediate predator abundance and temperature, highest nearby invertebrate cover, and low and high values of turbidity and nearby rock and algae cover. Conversely, oyster size was highest at sites with intermediate predator density, higher fish species richness and turbidity, and lowest temperatures. Together, this showed that optimal restoration requires sites with 22 to 23 °C average water temperatures, between 10 and 15 oyster predators, and either low (< 2 NTU) or high (> 6 NTU) turbidity levels. Notably, we observed multiple peaks for several variables, suggesting the potential presence of multiple cryptic oyster species on settlement tiles. We found that oysters shared preferred environmental conditions with polychaetes, coralline algae, and tunicates, and were more prevalent and abundant at sites with lower turf algae, barnacle, and mussel cover. Identifying environmental variables influencing oyster population distribution, settlement, and growth can guide the selection and approach of oyster restoration sites.

Abstract Image

当地和区域驱动因素对澳大利亚东部牡蛎吐丝密度和生长的综合影响
全世界多达 85% 的贝类礁石已经消失,导致生态系统服务减少,修复需求增加。然而,为了优化恢复工作,我们需要更多有关最大限度地提高牡蛎沉降和生长的条件的信息。我们在澳大利亚莫尔顿湾的 21 个潮间带地点部署了牡蛎沉降瓦片;该地区 96% 的岩牡蛎礁已消失,对恢复牡蛎礁的需求很高。我们量化了描述这些地点的空间(来自地理信息系统)、当地栖息地(使用四分法和水质测量)和牡蛎捕食者(使用水下录像)特征的变量对瓦片上牡蛎密度和大小的影响。在捕食者丰度和温度处于中等水平、附近无脊椎动物覆盖率最高、浊度以及附近岩石和藻类覆盖率处于低值和高值的地点,牡蛎密度最高。相反,在捕食者密度居中、鱼类物种丰富度和浑浊度较高、温度最低的地点,牡蛎的大小最大。总之,这表明最佳的修复地点需要平均水温在 22 至 23 °C、牡蛎捕食者在 10 至 15 个之间、浑浊度水平较低(2NTU)或较高(6NTU)。值得注意的是,我们观察到几个变量有多个峰值,这表明在沉降瓦上可能存在多个隐性牡蛎物种。我们发现,牡蛎与多毛目环节动物、珊瑚藻类和鳞毛纲动物共享偏好的环境条件,在草皮藻类、藤壶和贻贝覆盖率较低的地点,牡蛎更为普遍和丰富。确定影响牡蛎种群分布、定居和生长的环境变量,可以指导牡蛎恢复地点的选择和方法。
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来源期刊
Estuaries and Coasts
Estuaries and Coasts 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
11.10%
发文量
107
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: Estuaries and Coasts is the journal of the Coastal and Estuarine Research Federation (CERF). Begun in 1977 as Chesapeake Science, the journal has gradually expanded its scope and circulation. Today, the journal publishes scholarly manuscripts on estuarine and near coastal ecosystems at the interface between the land and the sea where there are tidal fluctuations or sea water is diluted by fresh water. The interface is broadly defined to include estuaries and nearshore coastal waters including lagoons, wetlands, tidal fresh water, shores and beaches, but not the continental shelf. The journal covers research on physical, chemical, geological or biological processes, as well as applications to management of estuaries and coasts. The journal publishes original research findings, reviews and perspectives, techniques, comments, and management applications. Estuaries and Coasts will consider properly carried out studies that present inconclusive findings or document a failed replication of previously published work. Submissions that are primarily descriptive, strongly place-based, or only report on development of models or new methods without detailing their applications fall outside the scope of the journal.
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