Effect of Aging Process on Strengthening Phase Particles of 6056 Aluminum Alloy for Bolts

IF 2.2 4区材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI:10.1007/s11665-024-10037-0

Shijia Lu, Man Jin, Xin Liu, Ran Wang, Jinhui Ge, Yujia Wu

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Abstract

The distribution and morphology of second phase particles in 6056 alloy wires were analyzed by phase diagram calculations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Hardness and tensile tests were conducted to study the variations in hardness and the mechanical properties of 6056 aluminum alloy under different aging processes. In addition, the types and sequences of precipitates in the alloy during optimal aging were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results show that a lot of second phase particles, composed of spherical, short rod and irregular plate and strip, are distributed within the matrix of 6056 alloy wires. Under the optimal aging process (540 °C for 1 h solid solution followed by aging at 180 °C for 4 h), the 6056 aluminum alloy reaches a hardness of 136 HB and a tensile strength of 415.5 MPa. The main precipitates in the alloy matrix are identified as short rod-shaped β′′ phases, plate-shaped Q′ phases and spherical Guinier–Preston (GP) zones. The transformation of GP zones into β′′ phases and subsequently into Q′ phases occurs gradually by altering the ratio of Al, Mg, Si, and Cu during aging. The content of Cu atoms increases progressively during the growth of the precipitates, and the precipitation sequence is GP zones → β′′ phases → Q′ phases → Q phases.

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老化过程对螺栓用 6056 铝合金强化相颗粒的影响

通过相图计算、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散光谱（EDS）分析了 6056 合金丝中第二相颗粒的分布和形态。通过硬度和拉伸试验研究了 6056 铝合金在不同老化过程中的硬度变化和机械性能。此外，还使用透射电子显微镜（TEM）、三维原子探针（3DAP）和差示扫描量热仪（DSC）观察了最佳时效过程中合金中析出物的类型和顺序。结果表明，在 6056 合金丝的基体中分布着大量由球形、短棒状和不规则板状及条状组成的第二相颗粒。在最佳时效过程（540 ℃ 固溶 1 小时，然后在 180 ℃ 时效 4 小时）下，6056 铝合金的硬度达到 136 HB，抗拉强度达到 415.5 MPa。合金基体中的主要析出物为短杆状的β′′相、板状的Q′相和球状的吉尼尔-普雷斯顿（Guinier-Preston，GP）区。在老化过程中，通过改变 Al、Mg、Si 和 Cu 的比例，GP 区逐渐转变为 β′′ 相，随后又转变为 Q′ 相。在析出物的生长过程中，铜原子的含量逐渐增加，析出顺序为 GP 区 → β′′ 相 → Q′ 相 → Q 相。

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来源期刊

Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

3.90

自引率

13.00%

发文量

1120

审稿时长

4.9 months

期刊介绍： ASM International''s Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance focuses on solving day-to-day engineering challenges, particularly those involving components for larger systems. The journal presents a clear understanding of relationships between materials selection, processing, applications and performance. The Journal of Materials Engineering covers all aspects of materials selection, design, processing, characterization and evaluation, including how to improve materials properties through processes and process control of casting, forming, heat treating, surface modification and coating, and fabrication. Testing and characterization (including mechanical and physical tests, NDE, metallography, failure analysis, corrosion resistance, chemical analysis, surface characterization, and microanalysis of surfaces, features and fractures), and industrial performance measurement are also covered