Turning Adversity into Advantage: Investigating the Capacity Decay Mode of Carboxylate Functionalized-Anthraquinone in Organic Redox Flow Batteries

IF 5.4 3区材料科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

ACS Applied Energy Materials Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI:10.1021/acsaem.4c01123

Richa Gupta, Kothandaraman Ramanujam

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Abstract

Organic redox-molecule-based flow batteries (ORFB) are considered a potential alternative to the inorganic counterparts in flow battery systems as, technically speaking, organic materials are ubiquitous and can be synthesized anywhere. Nevertheless, they were also known to degrade in a multitude of ways in flow battery ambience. In this study, 4,4′-((9,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydroanthracene-1,5-diyl)bis(oxy))dibutyric acid (1,5-DCAQ) is used as an anolyte in alkaline media. As carboxylate interacts intramolecularly with the carbonyl group of 1,5-DCAQ, the aromatic portion of the molecule exhibits an association with the Nafion membrane separator through lipophilic interaction, causing capacity decay of the cell. We have modified this curse into a boon by functionalizing the thermally activated graphite felt anode with the Nafion ionomer, thereby retaining the redox molecule around the electrode instead of the membrane, achieving 99.9% of theoretical capacity and 95% Coulombic efficiency at 15 mA cm^–2 current density. As this molecule exhibits a solubility of 0.5 M, the system with suitable optimization is expected to deliver a solubility of up to 26.8 Ah L^–1.

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化不利为有利：研究有机氧化还原流电池中羧酸官能化蒽醌的容量衰减模式

基于有机氧化还原分子的液流电池（ORFB）被认为是液流电池系统中无机电池的潜在替代品，因为从技术上讲，有机材料无处不在，可以在任何地方合成。然而，众所周知，有机材料在液流电池环境中会以多种方式降解。在这项研究中，4,4′-((9,10-二氧代-9,10-二氢蒽-1,5-二基)双(氧))二丁酸（1,5-DCAQ）被用作碱性介质中的溶质。由于羧酸盐与 1,5-DCAQ 的羰基发生分子内相互作用，分子的芳香族部分通过亲油作用与 Nafion 膜分离器发生结合，导致电池容量衰减。我们利用 Nafion 离子聚合物对热激活石墨毡阳极进行功能化处理，从而将氧化还原分子保留在电极周围而不是膜上，使电池容量达到理论容量的 99.9%，在 15 mA cm-2 电流密度下的库仑效率达到 95%，从而将这一 "诅咒 "变成了 "福音"。由于这种分子的溶解度为 0.5 M，经过适当优化的系统预计可提供高达 26.8 Ah L-1 的溶解度。

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来源期刊

ACS Applied Energy Materials Materials Science-Materials Chemistry

CiteScore

10.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

1368

期刊介绍： ACS Applied Energy Materials is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research covering all aspects of materials, engineering, chemistry, physics and biology relevant to energy conversion and storage. The journal is devoted to reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrate knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, and chemistry into important energy applications.