Further evidence for endozoochory in a mycoheterotrophic orchid Cyrtosia septentrionalis: seed dispersal by the masked palm civet Paguma larvata

IF 4.2 3区 生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Plant Biology Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI:10.1111/plb.13718
K. Suetsugu
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Cyrtosia septentrionalis, an orchid species, is notable for its sausage‐shaped red fleshy fruits, which can reach up to 10 cm in length. Previous research identified frugivorous and omnivorous birds, especially the brown‐eared bulbul Hypsipetes amaurotis (Pycnonotidae, Passeriformes), as key seed dispersers of C. septentrionalis in natural habitats. This finding challenges conventional belief that orchid seeds are primarily wind‐dispersed. Moreover, given the rarity of specialized co‐evolutionary relationships between fruits and frugivores, C. septentrionalis may also rely on mammals for seed dispersal in certain regions. We aimed to explore the fruit consumption habits of animals other than birds. Motion sensor‐equipped cameras were used to observe interactions with the fruits of C. septentrionalis and assess the viability of seeds post‐consumption. The observations revealed three animal species consuming the fruits, with the masked palm civet Paguma larvata (Viverridae, Carnivora) identified as a dominant consumer in the investigated population. Microscopy analysis of seeds retrieved from P. larvata faeces indicated that the seeds remained intact and viable after passing through the digestive system of this carnivorous mammal. The above discovery suggests a potential role for carnivorous mammals in seed dispersal of C. septentrionalis, alongside birds, thus broadening our understanding of the complex seed dispersal strategies employed by orchids.
麝香植物兰花Cyrtosia septentrionalis的内藻生:果子狸Paguma larvata的种子传播的进一步证据
七里香(Cyrtosia septentrionalis)是一种兰科植物,以其香肠状的红色肉质果实而闻名,果实可长达 10 厘米。以前的研究发现,节食和杂食鸟类,尤其是棕耳鹎(Pycnonotidae,百灵纲),是七里香在自然栖息地的主要种子传播者。这一发现挑战了兰花种子主要随风传播的传统观点。此外,由于果实与食草动物之间很少有专门的共同进化关系,因此七里香在某些地区也可能依赖哺乳动物传播种子。我们的目的是探究鸟类以外的动物食用水果的习性。我们使用装有运动传感器的照相机观察动物与七叶树果实的互动,并评估种子食用后的存活率。观察结果显示,有三种动物食用果实,其中果子狸是调查种群中的主要食用者。对从果子狸粪便中提取的种子进行的显微镜分析表明,种子在经过这种食肉哺乳动物的消化系统后仍然完好无损,可以存活。上述发现表明,食肉哺乳动物在七里香的种子传播过程中可能与鸟类一起发挥作用,从而拓宽了我们对兰科植物所采用的复杂种子传播策略的认识。
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来源期刊
Plant Biology
Plant Biology 生物-植物科学
CiteScore
8.20
自引率
2.60%
发文量
109
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Plant Biology is an international journal of broad scope bringing together the different subdisciplines, such as physiology, molecular biology, cell biology, development, genetics, systematics, ecology, evolution, ecophysiology, plant-microbe interactions, and mycology. Plant Biology publishes original problem-oriented full-length research papers, short research papers, and review articles. Discussion of hot topics and provocative opinion articles are published under the heading Acute Views. From a multidisciplinary perspective, Plant Biology will provide a platform for publication, information and debate, encompassing all areas which fall within the scope of plant science.
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