The effect of a blooming artifact reduction filter on the dimensional analysis of implants

Abstract

To assess the effect of a blooming artifact reduction (BAR) filter on cone beam computed tomography images (CBCT) in the dimensional analysis of dental implants. Six types of implants ( = 5 for each type) composed of titanium (3 types), titanium-zirconia alloy, zirconium oxide, and titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, and made with 2 manufacturing processes (milled and printed) were individually installed in a bovine rib block according to the manufacturer's protocol. CBCT images were acquired with i-CAT and Carestream 9600 scanners, randomized, and analyzed without and with the e-Vol DX BAR filter (60 images for each scanner). Implant length, diameter, and thread-to-thread distance were measured by two radiologists, with a stereomicroscopic image of each implant as the reference standard for calculation of distortion in measurements. Repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni corrections and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were applied (α = 0.05). The BAR filter significantly reduced distortion in various parameters for specific implants, aligning closely with stereomicroscopic measurements. Titanium and printed implants showed reduced dimensional distortion regardless of BAR filter use. Carestream measurements presented smaller dimensional differences than i-CAT for most implants and parameters, especially without BAR ( < .05). Interexaminer reliability was good to excellent, with ICC ranging from 0.80 to 0.95. The BAR filter can enhance implant dimensional analysis, although variations based on implant material and manufacturing process were observed.