Achieving Complete Conversion from Nickel Foam to Nickel Sulfide Foam for a Freestanding Hybrid-Supercapacitor Electrode

IF 3.5 4区 化学 Q2 ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Xuerui Yi, Caroline Kirk, Neil Robertson
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Abstract

We present a unique, one-step, hydrothermal process to prepare nickel sulfide (Ni3S2) foam by a simple and direct conversion from nickel foam, which contributes both as a scaffold for the reaction and as reactant. The Ni3S2 foam exhibits remarkable mechanical stability, retaining the structural integrity of the foam and excellent crystallinity even after ultrasonication at 200 W for 30 mins. We document the transformation of the nickel foam template into a Ni3S2 foam, highlighting the role of synthesis duration on the phase evolution and unique morphology of Ni3S2. PXRD and SEM analyses reveal a complete transformation after 24 hours from the nickel foam to a pure Ni3S2 foam, which has a highly porous and interconnected ultra-thin nanosheet architecture. This significantly enhances the surface area and provides many electrochemical reaction sites. In a three-electrode cell, the capacity of the Ni3S2 foam electrode is 3.9 C cm−2 at 8 mA cm−2, which is higher than previous reports for Ni3S2. In a hybrid supercapacitor device, the Ni3S2 foam demonstrates significant increase in capacitance through 500 cycles and the capacitance plateaus after 2000 cycles. Even after 8500 continued charge-discharge cycles, the device exhibits excellent cycle stability indicating improvement with age.

Abstract Image

Abstract Image

实现独立式混合超级电容器电极从镍泡沫到硫化镍泡沫的完全转换
泡沫镍既是反应的支架,也是反应物,我们提出了一种独特的一步水热法工艺,通过简单直接地从泡沫镍转化制备泡沫硫化镍(Ni3S2)。Ni3S2 泡沫具有显著的机械稳定性,即使在 200 瓦的功率下超声 30 分钟,仍能保持泡沫结构的完整性和优异的结晶性。我们记录了镍泡沫模板向 Ni3S2 泡沫的转化过程,强调了合成持续时间对 Ni3S2 的相演化和独特形态的影响。PXRD 和 SEM 分析表明,镍泡沫在 24 小时后完全转变为纯 Ni3S2 泡沫,这种泡沫具有高度多孔和相互连接的超薄纳米片结构。这大大增加了表面积,并提供了许多电化学反应位点。在三电极电池中,当电流为 8 mA cm-2 时,Ni3S2 泡沫电极的容量为 3.9 C cm-2,高于之前有关 Ni3S2 的报道。在混合超级电容器装置中,Ni3S2 泡沫的电容在循环 500 次后显著增加,在循环 2000 次后电容趋于稳定。即使在持续充放电循环 8500 次之后,该装置仍表现出极佳的循环稳定性,表明其电容随着使用时间的延长而得到改善。
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来源期刊
ChemElectroChem
ChemElectroChem ELECTROCHEMISTRY-
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.50%
发文量
515
审稿时长
1.2 months
期刊介绍: ChemElectroChem is aimed to become a top-ranking electrochemistry journal for primary research papers and critical secondary information from authors across the world. The journal covers the entire scope of pure and applied electrochemistry, the latter encompassing (among others) energy applications, electrochemistry at interfaces (including surfaces), photoelectrochemistry and bioelectrochemistry.
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