Crosslinking of polyvinyl alcohol with di, tri, and tetracarboxylic acids: an experimental investigation

IF 2.2 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Colloid and Polymer Science Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI:10.1007/s00396-024-05313-3

Leela Gautam, Manish Jain, Sudhir G. Warkar

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Abstract

In this study, three polycarboxylic acids with varying numbers of carboxyl groups were employed to crosslink polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): malonic acid as a diacid (MA), citric acid as a triacid (CA), and 1,2,3,4-butane tetracarboxylic acid as a tetraacid (BTCA). The crosslinking abilities of these acids were compared using physical, chemical, mechanical, morphological, thermal, and swelling measurements to assess their impact on the physicochemical properties of the resulting films. Based on the degree of crosslinking, mechanical strength, and thermal stability, tetra acid demonstrated superior crosslinking performance compared to di and tri acids. The highest strength was observed in the tetra acid crosslinked film, which exhibited a 127% increase over neat PVA. Regarding thermal stability, the decomposition temperature followed the order of tetraacid (450 °C) > triacid (378 °C) > diacid (350 °C). However, in terms of swelling behavior, triacid-crosslinked film, i.e., P-CA, exhibited the highest swelling. Further, the tetra acid-crosslinked film exhibited the lowest crystallinity and a higher contact angle (104.9°) than diacid and triacid crosslinked films. Additionally, the crosslinked films displayed enhanced elasticity compared to pure PVA, with the elasticity order being diacid > triacid > tetraacid, possibly due to differences in available crosslinking sites among the crosslinkers.

Graphical Abstract

Abstract Image

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聚乙烯醇与二、三、四羧酸的交联：实验研究

本研究采用了三种羧基数目不同的聚羧酸来交联聚乙烯醇（PVA）：丙二酸（二元酸，MA）、柠檬酸（三元酸，CA）和 1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸（四元酸，BTCA）。通过物理、化学、机械、形态、热和膨胀测量，比较了这些酸的交联能力，以评估它们对所得薄膜的理化性质的影响。根据交联程度、机械强度和热稳定性，四酸的交联性能优于二酸和三酸。四酸交联薄膜的强度最高，比纯 PVA 提高了 127%。在热稳定性方面，分解温度依次为四酸（450 °C）>；三酸（378 °C）>；二酸（350 °C）。然而，就溶胀行为而言，三酸交联薄膜（即 P-CA）的溶胀程度最高。此外，四酸交联薄膜的结晶度最低，接触角（104.9°）高于二酸和三酸交联薄膜。此外，与纯 PVA 相比，交联薄膜显示出更强的弹性，弹性顺序为二酸、三酸、四酸，这可能是由于交联剂之间可用的交联位点不同。

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来源期刊

Colloid and Polymer Science 化学-高分子科学

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

4.20%

发文量

111

审稿时长

2.2 months

期刊介绍： Colloid and Polymer Science - a leading international journal of longstanding tradition - is devoted to colloid and polymer science and its interdisciplinary interactions. As such, it responds to a demand which has lost none of its actuality as revealed in the trends of contemporary materials science.