Firefly: A Versatile Experimental Platform for Oscillator-Based Ising Machines

IF 5.2 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI:10.1109/TCSI.2024.3448531

Markus Graber;Klaus Hofmann

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Oscillator-based Ising machines (OIMs) are specialized in solving combinatorial optimization problems, that can be represented as the Ising model. They exploit the interaction of (integrated) electrical oscillators in a configurable network for the computation. Such systems naturally evolve towards a ground state, which forms a solution to the problem quickly and energy efficiently. This work presents the design of our 400 oscillator node chip in a 28nm technology. The focus is on the analog oscillator and coupler circuits, which determine the computing performance. Weighted optimization problems with up to 6-bit resolution can be solved within just 714ns. A comprehensive experimental analysis based on a versatile benchmark set is provided. We discuss the computation process and investigate the impact of multiple factors including the randomness of the initial oscillator phases, the frequency mismatch, the coupling strength, and the locking strength. A small range of parameters like the coupling strength and locking strength exists, which show the highest accuracy. Extensive benchmarks achieve an accuracy compared to the best-known solution of more than 94.5% for problems with equal weights and 89.8% for weighted problems. This emphasizes, that carefully designed oscillator-based Ising machines (OIMs) are not only fast, but can find solutions near the global optimum.

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萤火虫：基于振荡器的伊辛机的多功能实验平台

基于振荡器的伊辛机（OIMs）专门用于解决组合优化问题，这些问题可以用伊辛模型来表示。它们利用（集成）电振荡器在可配置网络中的相互作用进行计算。这种系统自然会向基态演化，从而快速、高效地形成问题的解决方案。这项工作介绍了我们采用 28 纳米技术设计的 400 振荡器节点芯片。重点是决定计算性能的模拟振荡器和耦合器电路。分辨率高达 6 位的加权优化问题可在短短 714ns 内解决。我们提供了基于多功能基准集的综合实验分析。我们讨论了计算过程，并研究了多种因素的影响，包括初始振荡器相位的随机性、频率失配、耦合强度和锁定强度。耦合强度和锁定强度等参数的范围较小，显示出最高的精确度。通过广泛的基准测试，与已知的最佳解决方案相比，等权重问题的精确度超过 94.5%，加权问题的精确度超过 89.8%。这强调了精心设计的基于振荡器的伊辛机（OIMs）不仅速度快，而且能找到接近全局最优的解决方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

9.80

自引率

11.80%

发文量

441

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： TCAS I publishes regular papers in the field specified by the theory, analysis, design, and practical implementations of circuits, and the application of circuit techniques to systems and to signal processing. Included is the whole spectrum from basic scientific theory to industrial applications. The field of interest covered includes: - Circuits: Analog, Digital and Mixed Signal Circuits and Systems - Nonlinear Circuits and Systems, Integrated Sensors, MEMS and Systems on Chip, Nanoscale Circuits and Systems, Optoelectronic - Circuits and Systems, Power Electronics and Systems - Software for Analog-and-Logic Circuits and Systems - Control aspects of Circuits and Systems.