Female entrepreneurship in the U.S. 1982–2012: Implications for welfare and aggregate output

IF 4.3 2区经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE

Journal of Monetary Economics Pub Date : 2024-08-31 DOI:10.1016/j.jmoneco.2024.103676

Pedro Bento

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The number of women-owned businesses in the U.S. has soared over the last several decades. In 1982 less than 13 percent of businesses were majority-owned by women. By 2012 this number reached 40 percent. This and other evidence suggests that women have faced significant barriers to running businesses. Interpreted through the lens of a model of entrepreneurship, observed trends imply substantial declines in several barriers facing female entrepreneurs. Together, these changes account for almost 4 percent of observed growth in aggregate output and a 3 percent increase in workers’ consumption-equivalent welfare since 1982. By 2012, lower barriers increased the welfare of female entrepreneurs by a dramatic 116 percent, while lowering the welfare of male entrepreneurs by 5 percent. These impacts are in addition to any gains to workers from declining labor-market barriers.

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1982-2012 年美国女性创业情况：对福利和总产出的影响

在过去几十年中，美国女性拥有的企业数量激增。1982 年，妇女占多数的企业不到 13%。到 2012 年，这一数字达到了 40%。这和其他证据表明，女性在经营企业时面临着巨大的障碍。从创业模式的角度来看，观察到的趋势意味着女性创业者面临的几种障碍大幅减少。自 1982 年以来，这些变化合计占总产出增长的近 4%，并使工人的消费等值福利增加了 3%。到 2012 年，壁垒的降低使女企业家的福利大幅提高了 116%，而男企业家的福利则降低了 5%。这些影响还不包括劳动力市场壁垒下降给工人带来的收益。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Monetary Economics Multiple-

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.90%

发文量

审稿时长

74 days

期刊介绍： The profession has witnessed over the past twenty years a remarkable expansion of research activities bearing on problems in the broader field of monetary economics. The strong interest in monetary analysis has been increasingly matched in recent years by the growing attention to the working and structure of financial institutions. The role of various institutional arrangements, the consequences of specific changes in banking structure and the welfare aspects of structural policies have attracted an increasing interest in the profession. There has also been a growing attention to the operation of credit markets and to various aspects in the behavior of rates of return on assets. The Journal of Monetary Economics provides a specialized forum for the publication of this research.