Habitat structures and reproductive features suggesting a maintenance mechanism of reproductive isolation between ecomorphs of a herbivorous cichlid fish from Lake Tanganyika

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Tetsumi Takahashi
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Abstract

Ecological speciation, driven by divergent selection across varying environments, is crucial for the evolution of biodiversity. To comprehend this phenomenon fully, investigating ongoing speciation events is imperative. Telmatochromis temporalis, a herbivorous cichlid endemic to Lake Tanganyika, recently revealed the existence of a slender morph inhabiting deep waters. Despite genetic similarity, it is reproductively isolated from the parapatric population of the normal morph inhabiting shallow waters. This study examined substrate features and life history traits to propose a mechanism that maintains the parapatric distribution, which likely contributes to reproductive isolation. The normal morph displayed a preference for natural shelters between rocks and invested significant energy on reproduction, likely well-adapted to shallow waters abundant in natural shelters and food resources. In contrast, the slender morph seemed to construct nests beneath rocks tailored to its body size and exhibited energy-saving reproduction, likely suited to deep waters with scarce natural shelters and food resources. These adaptive differences are likely responsible for parapatric distribution. Additionally, I discussed the potential for the slender morph and another morph, the dwarf morph, to have evolved in parallel from the normal morph through divergent natural selection, depending on the environmental challenges faced by the normal morph.

Abstract Image

栖息地结构和生殖特征表明坦噶尼喀湖一种草食性慈鲷异形之间的生殖隔离维持机制
由不同环境中的差异选择驱动的生态物种分化对生物多样性的进化至关重要。要充分理解这一现象,调查正在发生的物种分化事件势在必行。Telmatochromis temporalis 是坦噶尼喀湖特有的一种食草慈鲷,最近发现了一种栖息在深水区的细长形态。尽管基因相似,但它与栖息在浅水区的正常形态的同域种群在繁殖上是隔离的。本研究通过考察底质特征和生活史特征,提出了一种维持同域分布的机制,这很可能是造成生殖隔离的原因。正常形态表现出对岩石间天然庇护所的偏好,并在繁殖上投入了大量的能量,这很可能是为了适应天然庇护所和食物资源丰富的浅水区。与此相反,纤细形态似乎在岩石下建造适合其体型的巢穴,并表现出省力的繁殖方式,很可能适合天然庇护所和食物资源稀缺的深水区。这些适应性差异很可能是造成其同域分布的原因。此外,我还讨论了纤细形态和另一种形态--侏儒形态--的可能性,它们是通过不同的自然选择从正常形态平行演化而来的,这取决于正常形态所面临的环境挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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