Question-answering framework for building codes using fine-tuned and distilled pre-trained transformer models

IF 9.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
Xiaorui Xue , Jiansong Zhang , Yunfeng Chen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Building code compliance checking is considered a bottleneck in construction projects, which calls for a novel approach to building code query and information retrieval. To address this research gap, the paper presents a question and answering framework comprising: (1) a ‘retriever’ for efficient context retrieval from building codes in response to an inquiry, and (2) a ‘reader’ for precise context interpretation and answer generation. The ‘retriever’, based on the BM25 algorithm, achieved a top-1 precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.95, 0.95, and 0.95, and a top-5 precision, recall, and F1-score of 0.97, 1.00, and 0.99, respectively. The ‘reader’, utilizing the transformer-based “xlm-roberta-base-squad2-distilled” model, achieved a top-4 accuracy of 0.95 and a top-1 F1-score of 0.84. A fine-tuning and model distillation process was used and shown to provide high performance on limited amount of training data, overcoming a common barrier in the development of domain-specific (e.g., construction) deep learning models.

使用经过微调和提炼的预训练变压器模型的建筑规范问题解答框架
建筑规范合规性检查被认为是建筑项目中的一个瓶颈,这就需要一种新颖的建筑规范查询和信息检索方法。为了填补这一研究空白,本文提出了一个问题和答案框架,其中包括:(1) 一个 "检索器",用于针对查询从建筑规范中高效检索上下文;(2) 一个 "阅读器",用于精确解释上下文并生成答案。基于 BM25 算法的 "检索器 "在精确度、召回率和 F1 分数上分别达到了 0.95、0.95 和 0.95 的前 1 名,在精确度、召回率和 F1 分数上分别达到了 0.97、1.00 和 0.99 的前 5 名。阅读器 "采用了基于转换器的 "xlm-roberta-base-squad2-distilled "模型,前四名的准确率为 0.95,前一名的 F1 分数为 0.84。微调和模型蒸馏过程的使用表明,在有限的训练数据量上,该模型能提供高性能,克服了开发特定领域(如建筑)深度学习模型的常见障碍。
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来源期刊
Automation in Construction
Automation in Construction 工程技术-工程:土木
CiteScore
19.20
自引率
16.50%
发文量
563
审稿时长
8.5 months
期刊介绍: Automation in Construction is an international journal that focuses on publishing original research papers related to the use of Information Technologies in various aspects of the construction industry. The journal covers topics such as design, engineering, construction technologies, and the maintenance and management of constructed facilities. The scope of Automation in Construction is extensive and covers all stages of the construction life cycle. This includes initial planning and design, construction of the facility, operation and maintenance, as well as the eventual dismantling and recycling of buildings and engineering structures.
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