Maize yield and Fall armyworm damage responses to genotype and sowing date-associated variations in weather conditions

IF 4.5 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY
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Abstract

Due to climate disruption and delayed onset of rains, maize is often sown late, outside the optimal window, increasing the impact of pests such as fall armyworm and reducing yields. Identifying optimal sowing dates and the best genotypes is crucial to maximise yields while limiting fall armyworm (FAW) damage. Thus, this study was undertaken to evaluate yield and FAW damage variation in relation to sowing-date weather conditions to determine the optimal sowing window. The experiment had a split-plot design with four genotypes ('PVAH-1 L', 'PVAH-3 L', 'PVAH-6 L' and 'SAM 4 VITA') and four sowing dates (30 November to 14 January and delayed by 15, 30 and 45 days) during the three consecutive cropping seasons. Abundant rainfall and a high number of wet days increase yields while reducing FAW damage. The genotype shows that 'PVAH-1 L' has ear resistance (3.24) and leaf partial resistance (4.05) to FAW, with a high yield (6.54 t.ha−1). In contrast, 'PVAH-3 L' (4.27 and 5.05), 'PVAH-6 L' (4.24 and 4.37) and 'SAM 4 VITA' (4.25 and 4.00) show partial resistance to FAW in both ears and leaves, but have relatively lower yields, except for 'PVAH-6 L' (6.29 t.ha−1). Maize sown on 15 December had a high yield (8.76 t.ha−1), similar to those sown on 30 November. However, sowing on 30 December and 14 January reduced yields by 2 t.ha−1 and 7 t.ha−1 respectively, while increasing FAW infestation and damage. Therefore, in the Lubumbashi region, due to the delayed onset of rains and climatic disturbances, the sowing period can be extended to 30 December, with an optimal window extending from 30 November to 15 December. To maximise yields and limit FAW damage, it is recommended that 'PVAH-1 L' be sown on 15 December, 'SAM 4 VITA' on 30 November or 15 December and 'PVAH-6 L' on 30 November or 15 December.

玉米产量和秋绵虫危害对基因型和播种期相关天气条件变化的反应
由于气候干扰和降雨开始时间推迟,玉米播种往往较晚,超出了最佳播种期,从而增加了害虫(如秋害虫)的影响并降低了产量。确定最佳播种日期和最佳基因型对于最大限度地提高产量,同时限制秋绵虫(FAW)的危害至关重要。因此,本研究评估了与播种期天气条件相关的产量和秋绵虫危害变化,以确定最佳播种期。该试验采用分小区设计,在连续三个耕种季节中采用四种基因型("PVAH-1 L"、"PVAH-3 L"、"PVAH-6 L "和 "SAM 4 VITA")和四个播种日期(11 月 30 日至 1 月 14 日,推迟 15 天、30 天和 45 天)。充沛的降雨量和较多的湿润日数提高了产量,同时减少了虫害。基因型显示,'PVAH-1 L'对FAW具有穗抗性(3.24)和叶片部分抗性(4.05),产量高(6.54 吨/公顷)。相比之下,'PVAH-3 L'(4.27 和 5.05)、'PVAH-6 L'(4.24 和 4.37)和'SAM 4 VITA'(4.25 和 4.00)在穗和叶片上均表现出对 FAW 的部分抗性,但产量相对较低,'PVAH-6 L'除外(6.29 吨/公顷)。12 月 15 日播种的玉米产量较高(8.76 吨/公顷),与 11 月 30 日播种的玉米产量相似。然而,12 月 30 日和 1 月 14 日播种的玉米产量分别减少了 2 吨/公顷和 7 吨/公顷,同时增加了虫害和损害。因此,在卢本巴希地区,由于降雨开始时间推迟和气候干扰,播种期可延长至 12 月 30 日,最佳窗口期为 11 月 30 日至 12 月 15 日。为了最大限度地提高产量并限制虫害,建议在 12 月 15 日播种'PVAH-1 L',在 11 月 30 日或 12 月 15 日播种'SAM 4 VITA',在 11 月 30 日或 12 月 15 日播种'PVAH-6 L'。
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来源期刊
European Journal of Agronomy
European Journal of Agronomy 农林科学-农艺学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
7.70%
发文量
187
审稿时长
4.5 months
期刊介绍: The European Journal of Agronomy, the official journal of the European Society for Agronomy, publishes original research papers reporting experimental and theoretical contributions to field-based agronomy and crop science. The journal will consider research at the field level for agricultural, horticultural and tree crops, that uses comprehensive and explanatory approaches. The EJA covers the following topics: crop physiology crop production and management including irrigation, fertilization and soil management agroclimatology and modelling plant-soil relationships crop quality and post-harvest physiology farming and cropping systems agroecosystems and the environment crop-weed interactions and management organic farming horticultural crops papers from the European Society for Agronomy bi-annual meetings In determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication, particular scrutiny is placed on the degree of novelty and significance of the research and the extent to which it adds to existing knowledge in agronomy.
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