Li Zhao , Linlin Li , Eneko Larrañeta, Alejandro J. Paredes, Ryan F. Donnelly
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Several atypical antipsychotic medications, including paliperidone (PPD), has been developed and proven effective in treating it. To date, four PPD extended-release products have been launched commercially, providing up to six months of therapeutic effect with a single administration. However, the need for hospital injections by professional healthcare workers not only lead to poor patients’ adherence, but also put additional pressure on the healthcare system. Therefore, three PPD microarray patch (PPD MAP) systems based on dissolving microneedle technology and implantable microneedle technology were developed in this work. The two dissolving microarray patch systems contained either PPD crude drug (PPD DMAP-CD) or PPD nanocrystal (PPD DMAP-NC) and the implantable MAP contained PPD crude drug (PPD IMAP). All three types of PPD MAPs showed excellent mechanical and insertion properties as they achieved over 256 µm insertion depth in skin model. In vitro release study showed that PPD released from IMAP in a much more sustained manner (up to 14 days) than PPD did from DMAPs (7 days), with only 20 % initial burst release from IMAP compared with 43–71 % from DMAPs. The MAP dissolution study showed that both DMAPs can be immediately dissolved within less than 3 min once inserted into the skin, indicating a faster action potential compared with IMAP. Ex vivo delivery study showed that 1.68 ± 0.23 mg, 1.39 ± 0.07 mg, and 1.18 ± 0.12 mg were delivered from DMAP-CD, DMAP-NC and IMAP, respectively, demonstrating that over 50 % and up to 70 % of PPD in the MAPs can be delivered into the skin. The IMAP offers most sustained release of PPD whereas DMAP-NC exhibits fastest PPD release (11.19 % vs 20.01 % into Franz cell receiver compartment over 24 h). This work presents a promising alternative for the sustained delivery of antipsychotic drugs, allowing for patient self-administration and extended release concurrently. Patients may potentially use both DMAP and IMAP to achieve a sustained release of PPD while also avoid having an initial therapeutic lag.
期刊介绍:
The European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics provides a medium for the publication of novel, innovative and hypothesis-driven research from the areas of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics.
Topics covered include for example:
Design and development of drug delivery systems for pharmaceuticals and biopharmaceuticals (small molecules, proteins, nucleic acids)
Aspects of manufacturing process design
Biomedical aspects of drug product design
Strategies and formulations for controlled drug transport across biological barriers
Physicochemical aspects of drug product development
Novel excipients for drug product design
Drug delivery and controlled release systems for systemic and local applications
Nanomaterials for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes
Advanced therapy medicinal products
Medical devices supporting a distinct pharmacological effect.