In situ benthic community response to a phytodetritus pulse in the Cabo Verde Abyssal Basin (tropical NE Atlantic)

IF 3.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY
Daniëlle S.W. de Jonge , Daniela Y. Gaurisas , Alycia J. Smith , Eloise Holmes , Covadonga Orejas , Ángela Mosquera Giménez , J. Murray Roberts , Angelo F. Bernardino , Andrew K. Sweetman
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Abstract

Ecosystem functioning, i.e. the transfer of material through a system, supports the ecosystem services deep-sea sediments provide, including carbon sequestration, nutrient regeneration, and climate regulation. To date, seven studies globally have researched in situ how various benthic groups contribute to organic matter degradation in abyssal sediments through stable isotope tracer experiments, of which only one in the Atlantic (at the Porcupine Abyssal Plain or PAP). To expand the limited knowledge base on abyssal ecosystem functioning, we performed in situ stable isotope experiments in the Cabo Verde Abyssal Basin (CVAB, tropical North-East Atlantic). The Cabo Verde marine region is an oceanographically interesting region with complex currents, resulting in strong gradients of productivity and unique ecological characteristics. We conducted 2-day in situ incubations with organic substrate (lyophilised diatom culture) labelled with 13C and 15N stable isotopes through five benthic lander deployments to 4,200 m in an area presumed mesotrophic. We assessed sediment community oxygen consumption (SCOC), dissolved inorganic carbon (DI13C) production, nutrient fluxes, and label incorporation into bacteria, large Foraminifera (>300 μm), meiobenthos, and macrofauna. Results were specifically compared across the Atlantic basin to the eutrophic PAP for which all the same system components were reported (Witte et al. 2003). At CVAB, bacteria and meiobenthos dominated phytodetritus processing (91% and 8%, respectively), in contrast to PAP where macrofauna dominated (98%). Phytodetritus remineralisation was two to three times lower at CVAB compared to PAP, most likely due to the low abundance of fast responding macrofauna. However, overall phytodetritus processing efficiency at CVAB was four times greater compared to PAP. Our results support a mesotrophic regime at the CVAB lander site, and provide a unique first insight into ecosystem functioning of tropical (low-latitude) abyssal systems in the Atlantic Ocean. A better understanding of abyssal ecosystem functioning in various ocean regions, to which this study contributes, provides insight into main regulators of abyssal communities and thus may have implications for our understanding of abyssal systems under future climate scenarios.

佛得角深海盆地(热带东北大西洋)底栖生物群落对植物底栖生物脉冲的现场反应
生态系统功能(即物质在系统中的转移)支持深海沉积物提供的生态系统服务,包括碳固存、营养再生和气候调节。迄今为止,全球已有七项研究通过稳定同位素示踪实验实地考察了各种底栖生物群如何促进深海沉积物中有机物的降解,其中只有一项研究是在大西洋(豪猪深海平原)进行的。为了扩大有关深海生态系统功能的有限知识库,我们在佛得角深海盆地(CVAB,热带东北大西洋)进行了原位稳定同位素实验。佛得角海域是一个具有复杂洋流的海洋地理区域,这里的生产力梯度大,生态特征独特。我们通过五次海底着陆器布放,在推测为中营养海域的 4,200 米处用 13C 和 15N 稳定同位素标记的有机基质(冻干硅藻培养物)进行了为期两天的原位培养。我们评估了沉积物群落耗氧量(SCOC)、溶解无机碳(DI13C)生成量、营养通量,以及细菌、大型有孔虫(300 μm)、小型底栖生物和大型底栖动物的标签结合情况。将整个大西洋盆地的结果与富营养化 PAP 的结果进行了具体比较,后者报告了所有相同的系统成分(Witte 等人,2003 年)。在 CVAB,细菌和小型底栖生物在植物性沉积物处理中占主导地位(分别为 91% 和 8% ),而在 PAP,大型底栖生物占主导地位(98%)。CVAB 的植物性沉积物再矿化率比 PAP 低 2 到 3 倍,这很可能是由于快速反应大型底栖生物的数量较少。不过,CVAB 的整体植物性沉积物处理效率是 PAP 的四倍。我们的研究结果支持 CVAB 登陆点的中营养系统,并首次对大西洋热带(低纬度)深海系统的生态系统功能提供了独特的见解。这项研究有助于更好地了解各大洋区域的深海生态系统功能,有助于深入了解深海群落的主要调节因素,从而可能对我们了解未来气候情景下的深海系统产生影响。
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来源期刊
Progress in Oceanography
Progress in Oceanography 地学-海洋学
CiteScore
7.20
自引率
4.90%
发文量
138
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Progress in Oceanography publishes the longer, more comprehensive papers that most oceanographers feel are necessary, on occasion, to do justice to their work. Contributions are generally either a review of an aspect of oceanography or a treatise on an expanding oceanographic subject. The articles cover the entire spectrum of disciplines within the science of oceanography. Occasionally volumes are devoted to collections of papers and conference proceedings of exceptional interest. Essential reading for all oceanographers.
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