Higher abundance of DLD protein in buffalo bull spermatozoa causes elevated ROS production leading to early sperm capacitation and reduction in fertilizing ability

IF 7 1区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Seema Karanwal, Ankit Pal, Fanny Josan, Aditya Patel, Jatinder Singh Chera, Sonam Yadav, Vikrant Gaur, Preeti Verma, Shiva Badrhan, Vitika Chauhan, Mukesh Bhakat, Tirtha Kumar Datta, Rakesh Kumar
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Abstract

Before fertilization, spermatozoa undergo a crucial maturation step called capacitation, which is a unique event regulates the sperm’s ability for successful fertilization. The capacitation process takes place as the spermatozoa pass through the female reproductive tract (FRT). Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD) protein is a post-pyruvate metabolic enzyme, exhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production which causes capacitation. Additionally, other vital functions of DLD in buffalo spermatozoa are hyperactivation and acrosome reaction. DLD produces the optimum amount of ROS required to induce capacitation process in FRT. Depending on physiological or pathophysiological conditions, DLD can either enhance or attenuate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Aim of this study was to investigate whether changes in the production of ROS in sperm cells can impact their ability to fertilize by triggering the capacitation and acrosome reaction. In this study, abundance of DLD protein was quantified between high (n = 5) and low fertile bull (n = 5) spermatozoa. It was found that compared to high-fertile (HF) bulls, low-fertile (LF) bulls exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher DLD abundances. Herein, we optimised the MICA concentration to inhibit DLD function, spermatozoa were treated with MICA in time (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h) and concentrations (1, 2.5, 5, and 10 mmol/L) dependent manner. Maximum DLD inhibition was found to be at 4 h in 10 mmol/L MICA concentration, which was used for further experimentation in HF and LF. Based on DLD inhibition it was seen that LF bull spermatozoa exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) higher ROS production and acrosome reaction in comparison to the HF bull spermatozoa. The kinematic parameters of the spermatozoa such as percent total motility, velocity parameters (VCL, VSL, and VAP) and other parameters (BCF, STR, and LIN) were also decreased in MICA treated spermatozoa in comparison to the control (capacitated) spermatozoa. The present study provides an initial evidence explaining the buffalo bull spermatozoa with higher DLD abundance undergo early capacitation, which subsequently reduces their capacity to fertilize.
水牛精子中 DLD 蛋白含量较高会导致 ROS 生成增加,从而导致精子早期获能和受精能力下降
在受精之前,精子要经历一个关键的成熟步骤,即获能,这是调节精子成功受精能力的一个独特事件。获能过程发生在精子通过女性生殖道(FRT)时。二氢脂酰胺脱氢酶(DLD)蛋白是一种丙酮酸代谢后酶,会产生活性氧(ROS),从而导致获能。此外,DLD 在水牛精子中的其他重要功能还包括过度活化和顶体反应。DLD 能产生诱导 FRT 获能过程所需的最佳 ROS 量。根据生理或病理生理学条件的不同,DLD 可增强或减弱活性氧(ROS)的产生。本研究旨在探讨精子细胞中 ROS 生成的变化是否会通过触发获能和顶体反应而影响其受精能力。本研究对高能受精公牛精子(5 个)和低能受精公牛精子(5 个)的 DLD 蛋白丰度进行了量化。结果发现,与高繁殖力(HF)公牛相比,低繁殖力(LF)公牛的 DLD 丰度明显更高(P < 0.05)。在此,我们优化了抑制DLD功能的MICA浓度,用MICA处理精子的时间(0、1、2、3、4和5小时)和浓度(1、2.5、5和10毫摩尔/升)与时间(1、2.5、5和10毫摩尔/升)相关。在 10 mmol/L MICA 浓度下,4 h 时对 DLD 的抑制作用最大。根据 DLD 抑制作用可以看出,与高频公牛精子相比,低频公牛精子的 ROS 生成量和顶体反应明显更高(P < 0.05)。与对照(获能)精子相比,MICA 处理精子的精子运动参数,如总运动百分率、速度参数(VCL、VSL 和 VAP)和其他参数(BCF、STR 和 LIN)也有所下降。本研究提供了一个初步证据,说明DLD丰度较高的水牛公牛精子会发生早期获能,从而降低其受精能力。
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来源期刊
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
9.90
自引率
2.90%
发文量
822
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that encompasses all aspects of animal science and biotechnology. That includes domestic animal production, animal genetics and breeding, animal reproduction and physiology, animal nutrition and biochemistry, feed processing technology and bioevaluation, animal biotechnology, and meat science.
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